我有一种命名xib的约定，其中的视图与视图相同。和视图控制器一样。这样，我就不必在代码中写出类名了。我从同名的nib文件中加载一个UIView。

一个名为MyView的类的例子。

创建一个名为MyView的nib文件。接口生成器中的xib 在Interface Builder中添加一个UIView。将其类设置为MyView。自定义到你的内心的内容，连接MyView的实例变量到子视图，你可能想以后访问。 在你的代码中，像这样创建一个新的MyView: MyView * MyView = [MyView nib_viewfromnibwiowner:owner];

这是它的分类:

@implementation UIView (nib)

+ (id) nib_viewFromNib {
    return [self nib_viewFromNibWithOwner:nil];
}

+ (id) nib_viewFromNibWithOwner:(id)owner {
    NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([self class]);
    NSArray *nib = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:className owner:owner options:nil];
    UIView *view = nil;
    for(UIView *v in nib) {
        if ([v isKindOfClass:[self class]]) {
            view = v;
            break;
        }
    }
    assert(view != nil && "View for class not found in nib file");
    [view nib_viewDidLoad];
    return view;
}

// override this to do custom setup
-(void)nib_viewDidLoad {

}

然后，我将连接按钮与我正在使用的控制器的动作，并使用自定义视图子类中的outlet在标签上设置内容。

你不应该在Interface Builder中将视图控制器的类设置为UIView的子类。这肯定是你的部分问题。保留它为UIViewController，它的子类，或者其他自定义类。

As for loading only a view from a xib, I was under the assumption that you had to have some sort of view controller (even if it doesn't extend UIViewController, which may be too heavyweight for your needs) set as the File's Owner in Interface Builder if you want to use it to define your interface. I did a little research to confirm this as well. This is because otherwise there would be no way to access any of the interface elements in the UIView, nor would there be a way to have your own methods in code be triggered by events.

If you use a UIViewController as your File's Owner for your views, you can just use initWithNibName:bundle: to load it and get the view controller object back. In IB, make sure you set the view outlet to the view with your interface in the xib. If you use some other type of object as your File's Owner, you'll need to use NSBundle's loadNibNamed:owner:options: method to load the nib, passing an instance of File's Owner to the method. All its properties will be set properly according to the outlets you define in IB.

Swift用户可设计选项:

Create a custom UIView subclass and a xib files, that we will name after our own class name: in our case MemeView. Inside the Meme View class remember to define it as designable with the @IBDesignable attribute before the class declaration Rember to set the File’s Owner in the xib with our custom UIView subclass in Indetity Inspector panel In the xib file now we can build our interface, make constraints, create outlets, actions etc. We need to implement few methods to our custom class to open the xib once initialized class XibbedView: UIView { weak var nibView: UIView! override convenience init(frame: CGRect) { let nibName = NSStringFromClass(self.dynamicType).componentsSeparatedByString(".").last! self.init(nibName: nibName) } required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) { super.init(coder: aDecoder) let nibName = NSStringFromClass(self.dynamicType).componentsSeparatedByString(".").last! let nib = loadNib(nibName) nib.frame = bounds nib.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false addSubview(nib) nibView = nib setUpConstraints() } init(nibName: String) { super.init(frame: CGRectZero) let nibName = NSStringFromClass(self.dynamicType).componentsSeparatedByString(".").last! let nib = loadNib(nibName) nib.frame = bounds nib.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false addSubview(nib) nibView = nib setUpConstraints() } func setUpConstraints() { ["V","H"].forEach { (quote) -> () in let format = String(format:"\(quote):|[nibView]|") addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat(format, options: [], metrics: nil, views: ["nibView" : nibView])) } } func loadNib(name: String) -> UIView { let bundle = NSBundle(forClass: self.dynamicType) let nib = UINib(nibName: name, bundle: bundle) let view = nib.instantiateWithOwner(self, options: nil)[0] as! UIView return view } } In our custom class we can also define some inspecatable properties to have full control over them from interface builder @IBDesignable class MemeView: XibbedView { @IBInspectable var memeImage: UIImage = UIImage() { didSet { imageView.image = memeImage } } @IBInspectable var textColor: UIColor = UIColor.whiteColor() { didSet { label.textColor = textColor } } @IBInspectable var text: String = "" { didSet { label.text = text } } @IBInspectable var roundedCorners: Bool = false { didSet { if roundedCorners { layer.cornerRadius = 20.0 clipsToBounds = true } else { layer.cornerRadius = 0.0 clipsToBounds = false } } } @IBOutlet weak var label: UILabel! @IBOutlet weak var imageView: UIImageView!

}

一些例子:

如果我们需要在一个故事板或另一个xib中显示视图时添加更多信息，为此我们可以实现prepareForInterfaceBuilder()，此方法仅在接口生成器中打开文件时执行。 如果你做了我写的所有事情，但没有任何工作，这是一种通过在实现中添加断点来调试单个视图的方法。 这是视图层次结构。

希望这对您有所帮助，完整的示例可以在这里下载

我最终为这个添加了一个类别到UIView:

 #import "UIViewNibLoading.h"

 @implementation UIView (UIViewNibLoading)

 + (id) loadNibNamed:(NSString *) nibName {
    return [UIView loadNibNamed:nibName fromBundle:[NSBundle mainBundle] retainingObjectWithTag:1];
 }

 + (id) loadNibNamed:(NSString *) nibName fromBundle:(NSBundle *) bundle retainingObjectWithTag:(NSUInteger) tag {
    NSArray * nib = [bundle loadNibNamed:nibName owner:nil options:nil];
    if(!nib) return nil;
    UIView * target = nil;
    for(UIView * view in nib) {
        if(view.tag == tag) {
            target = [view retain];
            break;
        }
    }
    if(target && [target respondsToSelector:@selector(viewDidLoad)]) {
        [target performSelector:@selector(viewDidLoad)];
    }
    return [target autorelease];
 }

 @end

这里的解释:在ios和mac中viewcontroller是更少的视图加载

在斯威夫特

实际上我对这个问题的解决方案是，在我的CustonViewController的viewDidLoad中加载视图，我想这样使用视图:

myAccessoryView = NSBundle.mainBundle().loadNibNamed("MyAccessoryView", owner: self, options: nil)[0] as! MyAccessoryView

不要用loadView()方法加载视图!loadView方法用于为你的自定义ViewController加载视图。

谢谢大家。 我确实找到了做我想做的事的方法。

Create your UIView with the IBOutlets you need. Create the xib in IB, design it to you liking and link it like this: The File's Owner is of class UIViewController (No custom subclass, but the "real" one). The File Owner's view is connected to the main view and its class is declared as the one from step 1). Connect your controls with the IBOutlets. The DynamicViewController can run its logic to decide what view/xib to load. Once its made the decission, in the loadView method put something like this: NSArray* nibViews = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:@"QPickOneView" owner:self options:nil]; QPickOneView* myView = [ nibViews objectAtIndex: 1]; myView.question = question;

就是这样!

主bundle的loadNibNamed方法将负责初始化视图和创建连接。

现在ViewController可以根据内存中的数据显示一个视图或另一个视图，而“父”屏幕不需要为这个逻辑而烦恼。