这是一件应该比较容易的事情。我最终扩展了UIViewController并添加了一个loadNib:inPlaceholder: selector。现在我可以说

self.mySubview = (MyView *)[self loadNib:@"MyView" inPlaceholder:mySubview];

下面是这个类别的代码(它和Gonso描述的一样):

@interface UIViewController (nibSubviews)

- (UIView *)viewFromNib:(NSString *)nibName;
- (UIView *)loadNib:(NSString *)nibName inPlaceholder:(UIView *)placeholder;

@end

@implementation UIViewController (nibSubviews)

- (UIView *)viewFromNib:(NSString *)nibName
{
  NSArray *xib = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:nibName owner:self options:nil]; 
  for (id view in xib) { // have to iterate; index varies
    if ([view isKindOfClass:[UIView class]]) return view;
  }
  return nil;
}

- (UIView *)loadNib:(NSString *)nibName inPlaceholder:(UIView *)placeholder
{
  UIView *nibView = [self viewFromNib:nibName];
  [nibView setFrame:placeholder.frame];
  [self.view insertSubview:nibView aboveSubview:placeholder];
  [placeholder removeFromSuperview];
  return nibView;
}

@end

我有一种命名xib的约定，其中的视图与视图相同。和视图控制器一样。这样，我就不必在代码中写出类名了。我从同名的nib文件中加载一个UIView。

一个名为MyView的类的例子。

创建一个名为MyView的nib文件。接口生成器中的xib 在Interface Builder中添加一个UIView。将其类设置为MyView。自定义到你的内心的内容，连接MyView的实例变量到子视图，你可能想以后访问。 在你的代码中，像这样创建一个新的MyView: MyView * MyView = [MyView nib_viewfromnibwiowner:owner];

这是它的分类:

@implementation UIView (nib)

+ (id) nib_viewFromNib {
    return [self nib_viewFromNibWithOwner:nil];
}

+ (id) nib_viewFromNibWithOwner:(id)owner {
    NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([self class]);
    NSArray *nib = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:className owner:owner options:nil];
    UIView *view = nil;
    for(UIView *v in nib) {
        if ([v isKindOfClass:[self class]]) {
            view = v;
            break;
        }
    }
    assert(view != nil && "View for class not found in nib file");
    [view nib_viewDidLoad];
    return view;
}

// override this to do custom setup
-(void)nib_viewDidLoad {

}

然后，我将连接按钮与我正在使用的控制器的动作，并使用自定义视图子类中的outlet在标签上设置内容。

我做了一个我喜欢的分类:

UIView + NibInitializer.h

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface UIView (NibInitializer)
- (instancetype)initWithNibNamed:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil;
@end

UIView + NibInitializer.m

#import "UIView+NibInitializer.h"

@implementation UIView (NibInitializer)

- (instancetype)initWithNibNamed:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil
{
    if (!nibNameOrNil) {
        nibNameOrNil = NSStringFromClass([self class]);
    }
    NSArray *viewsInNib = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:nibNameOrNil
                                                        owner:self
                                                      options:nil];
    for (id view in viewsInNib) {
        if ([view isKindOfClass:[self class]]) {
            self = view;
            break;
        }
    }
    return self;
}

@end

然后，像这样调用:

MyCustomView *myCustomView = [[MyCustomView alloc] initWithNibNamed:nil];

如果你的nib不是你的类名，请使用一个nib名。

为了在你的子类中覆盖它以获得额外的行为，它可以看起来像这样:

- (instancetype)initWithNibNamed:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil
{
    self = [super initWithNibNamed:nibNameOrNil];
    if (self) {
        self.layer.cornerRadius = CGRectGetHeight(self.bounds) / 2.0;
    }
    return self;
}

你不应该在Interface Builder中将视图控制器的类设置为UIView的子类。这肯定是你的部分问题。保留它为UIViewController，它的子类，或者其他自定义类。

As for loading only a view from a xib, I was under the assumption that you had to have some sort of view controller (even if it doesn't extend UIViewController, which may be too heavyweight for your needs) set as the File's Owner in Interface Builder if you want to use it to define your interface. I did a little research to confirm this as well. This is because otherwise there would be no way to access any of the interface elements in the UIView, nor would there be a way to have your own methods in code be triggered by events.

If you use a UIViewController as your File's Owner for your views, you can just use initWithNibName:bundle: to load it and get the view controller object back. In IB, make sure you set the view outlet to the view with your interface in the xib. If you use some other type of object as your File's Owner, you'll need to use NSBundle's loadNibNamed:owner:options: method to load the nib, passing an instance of File's Owner to the method. All its properties will be set properly according to the outlets you define in IB.

这是一个很好的问题(+1)，答案几乎是有帮助的;)抱歉，伙计们，虽然Gonso和AVeryDev都给出了很好的提示，但我花了很长时间才读完这篇文章。希望这个答案能帮助到其他人。

MyVC是持有这些东西的视图控制器。

MySubview是我们想从xib中加载的视图

In MyVC.xib, create a view of type MySubView that is the right size & shape & positioned where you want it. In MyVC.h, have IBOutlet MySubview *mySubView // ... @property (nonatomic, retain) MySubview *mySubview; In MyVC.m, @synthesize mySubView; and don't forget to release it in dealloc. In MySubview.h, have an outlet/property for UIView *view (may be unnecessary, but worked for me.) Synthesize & release it in .m In MySubview.xib set file owner type to MySubview, and link the view property to your view. Lay out all the bits & connect to the IBOutlet's as desired Back in MyVC.m, have NSArray *xibviews = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed: @"MySubview" owner: mySubview options: NULL]; MySubview *msView = [xibviews objectAtIndex: 0]; msView.frame = mySubview.frame; UIView *oldView = mySubview; // Too simple: [self.view insertSubview: msView aboveSubview: mySubview]; [[mySubview superview] insertSubview: msView aboveSubview: mySubview]; // allows nesting self.mySubview = msView; [oldCBView removeFromSuperview];

对我来说棘手的一点是:其他答案中的提示从xib加载了我的视图，但没有替换MyVC中的视图(呸!)——我必须自己交换。

同样，为了访问mySubview的方法，.xib文件中的view属性必须设置为mySubview。否则，它会返回一个普通的UIView。

如果有一种方法来加载mySubview直接从它自己的xib，那将摇滚，但这让我在我需要的地方。

还有一种更简单的方法来访问视图，而不是将nib作为数组处理。

1)创建一个自定义的View子类，其中包含你以后想要访问的任何出口。——MyView

2)在你想要加载和处理nib的UIViewController中，创建一个IBOutlet属性来保存加载的nib的视图

在MyViewController中(一个UIViewController子类)

  @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UIView *myViewFromNib;

(别忘了合成它并在你的。m文件中发布它)

3)在IB中打开你的nib(我们称之为'myViewNib.xib')，设置你文件的所有者为MyViewController

4)现在连接你的文件的所有者出口myViewFromNib到nib的主视图。

5)现在在MyViewController中，写以下一行:

[[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:@"myViewNib" owner:self options:nil];

当你这样做的时候，把你的财产称为“自我”。myViewFromNib”将让你从你的nib访问视图!