我试图应用渐变作为一个视图(故事板的主视图)的背景色。代码运行,但没有任何变化。我使用xCode Beta 2和Swift。

代码如下:

class Colors {
  let colorTop = UIColor(red: 192.0/255.0, green: 38.0/255.0, blue: 42.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0)
  let colorBottom = UIColor(red: 35.0/255.0, green: 2.0/255.0, blue: 2.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0)

  let gl: CAGradientLayer

  init() {
    gl = CAGradientLayer()
    gl.colors = [ colorTop, colorBottom]
    gl.locations = [ 0.0, 1.0]
  }
}

然后在视图控制器中:

  let colors = Colors()

  func refresh() {
        view.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
        var backgroundLayer = colors.gl
        backgroundLayer.frame = view.frame
        view.layer.insertSublayer(backgroundLayer, atIndex: 0)
      }
    }
  }

当前回答

用这个自定义类扩展UIView。


GradientView.swift

import UIKit

class GradientView: UIView {

    // Default Colors
    var colors:[UIColor] = [UIColor.redColor(), UIColor.blueColor()]

    override func drawRect(rect: CGRect) {

        // Must be set when the rect is drawn
        setGradient(colors[0], color2: colors[1])
    }

    func setGradient(color1: UIColor, color2: UIColor) {

        let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()
        let gradient = CGGradientCreateWithColors(CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB(), [color1.CGColor, color2.CGColor], [0, 1])!

        // Draw Path
        let path = UIBezierPath(rect: CGRectMake(0, 0, frame.width, frame.height))
        CGContextSaveGState(context)
        path.addClip()
        CGContextDrawLinearGradient(context, gradient, CGPointMake(frame.width / 2, 0), CGPointMake(frame.width / 2, frame.height), CGGradientDrawingOptions())
        CGContextRestoreGState(context)
    }

    override func layoutSubviews() {

        // Ensure view has a transparent background color (not required)
        backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
    }

}

使用

gradientView。colors = [uiccolor . blackcolor ().colorWithAlphaComponent(0.8), uiccolor . clearcolor ()]


结果

其他回答

我注意到的一件事是,你不能在不清除文本的情况下给UILabel添加渐变。一个简单的解决方法是使用UIButton并禁用用户交互。

Xcode 11 | Swift 5

如果有人正在寻找一个快速和简单的方法来添加一个渐变视图:

extension UIView {
    
    func addGradient(colors: [UIColor] = [.blue, .white], locations: [NSNumber] = [0, 2], startPoint: CGPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 1.0), endPoint: CGPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 1.0), type: CAGradientLayerType = .axial){
        
        let gradient = CAGradientLayer()
        
        gradient.frame.size = self.frame.size
        gradient.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.0)

        // Iterates through the colors array and casts the individual elements to cgColor
        // Alternatively, one could use a CGColor Array in the first place or do this cast in a for-loop
        gradient.colors = colors.map{ $0.cgColor }
        
        gradient.locations = locations
        gradient.startPoint = startPoint
        gradient.endPoint = endPoint
        
        // Insert the new layer at the bottom-most position
        // This way we won't cover any other elements
        self.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
    }
}

关于如何使用扩展的例子:

// Testing
view.addGradient()
        
// Two Colors
view.addGradient(colors: [.init(rgb: 0x75BBDB), .black], locations: [0, 3])
        
// Full Blown
view.addGradient(colors: [.init(rgb: 0x75BBDB), .black], locations: [0, 3], startPoint: CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 1.5), endPoint: CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 2.0), type: .axial)

可选地,使用以下命令输入十六进制数字。init(rgb: 0x75BBDB)

extension UIColor {
   convenience init(red: Int, green: Int, blue: Int) {
       self.init(red: CGFloat(red) / 255.0, green: CGFloat(green) / 255.0, blue: CGFloat(blue) / 255.0, alpha: 1.0)
   }

   convenience init(rgb: Int) {
       self.init(
           red: (rgb >> 16) & 0xFF,
           green: (rgb >> 8) & 0xFF,
           blue: rgb & 0xFF
       )
   }
}

有一个名为Chameleon (https://github.com/viccalexander/Chameleon)的库可以用于渐变颜色。它甚至有渐变的风格来实现。这就是如何在swift 4 podfile中添加它 “变色龙框架/Swift”,:git => 'https://github.com/ViccAlexander/Chameleon.git',:branch => 'wip/swift4'

import ChameleonFramework

let colors:[UIColor] = [
  UIColor.flatPurpleColorDark(), 
  UIColor.flatWhiteColor()
]
view.backgroundColor = GradientColor(.TopToBottom, frame: view.frame, colors: colors)

只是修改上面提到的答案。

func setGradientBackground() {
    let colorTop =  UIColor(red: 255.0/255.0, green: 149.0/255.0, blue: 0.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0).cgColor
    let colorBottom = UIColor(red: 255.0/255.0, green: 94.0/255.0, blue: 58.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0).cgColor
                
    let gradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
    gradientLayer.colors = [colorTop, colorBottom]
    gradientLayer.locations = [0.0, 1.0]
    gradientLayer.frame = self.view.bounds
            
    self.view.layer.insertSublayer(gradientLayer, at:0)
}

然后在viewWillAppear中调用这个方法

override func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
    setGradientBackground()
    super.viewWillAppear(animated)
}

我有这些扩展:

@IBDesignable class GradientView: UIView {
    @IBInspectable var firstColor: UIColor = UIColor.red
    @IBInspectable var secondColor: UIColor = UIColor.green

    @IBInspectable var vertical: Bool = true

    lazy var gradientLayer: CAGradientLayer = {
        let layer = CAGradientLayer()
        layer.colors = [firstColor.cgColor, secondColor.cgColor]
        layer.startPoint = CGPoint.zero
        return layer
    }()

    //MARK: -

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)

        applyGradient()
    }

    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)

        applyGradient()
    }

    override func prepareForInterfaceBuilder() {
        super.prepareForInterfaceBuilder()
        applyGradient()
    }

    override func layoutSubviews() {
        super.layoutSubviews()
        updateGradientFrame()
    }

    //MARK: -

    func applyGradient() {
        updateGradientDirection()
        layer.sublayers = [gradientLayer]
    }

    func updateGradientFrame() {
        gradientLayer.frame = bounds
    }

    func updateGradientDirection() {
        gradientLayer.endPoint = vertical ? CGPoint(x: 0, y: 1) : CGPoint(x: 1, y: 0)
    }
}

@IBDesignable class ThreeColorsGradientView: UIView {
    @IBInspectable var firstColor: UIColor = UIColor.red
    @IBInspectable var secondColor: UIColor = UIColor.green
    @IBInspectable var thirdColor: UIColor = UIColor.blue

    @IBInspectable var vertical: Bool = true {
        didSet {
            updateGradientDirection()
        }
    }

    lazy var gradientLayer: CAGradientLayer = {
        let layer = CAGradientLayer()
        layer.colors = [firstColor.cgColor, secondColor.cgColor, thirdColor.cgColor]
        layer.startPoint = CGPoint.zero
        return layer
    }()

    //MARK: -

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)

        applyGradient()
    }

    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)

        applyGradient()
    }

    override func prepareForInterfaceBuilder() {
        super.prepareForInterfaceBuilder()
        applyGradient()
    }

    override func layoutSubviews() {
        super.layoutSubviews()
        updateGradientFrame()
    }

    //MARK: -

    func applyGradient() {
        updateGradientDirection()
        layer.sublayers = [gradientLayer]
    }

    func updateGradientFrame() {
        gradientLayer.frame = bounds
    }

    func updateGradientDirection() {
        gradientLayer.endPoint = vertical ? CGPoint(x: 0, y: 1) : CGPoint(x: 1, y: 0)
    }
}

@IBDesignable class RadialGradientView: UIView {

    @IBInspectable var outsideColor: UIColor = UIColor.red
    @IBInspectable var insideColor: UIColor = UIColor.green

    override func awakeFromNib() {
        super.awakeFromNib()

        applyGradient()
    }

    func applyGradient() {
        let colors = [insideColor.cgColor, outsideColor.cgColor] as CFArray
        let endRadius = sqrt(pow(frame.width/2, 2) + pow(frame.height/2, 2))
        let center = CGPoint(x: bounds.size.width / 2, y: bounds.size.height / 2)
        let gradient = CGGradient(colorsSpace: nil, colors: colors, locations: nil)
        let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()

        context?.drawRadialGradient(gradient!, startCenter: center, startRadius: 0.0, endCenter: center, endRadius: endRadius, options: CGGradientDrawingOptions.drawsBeforeStartLocation)
    }

    override func draw(_ rect: CGRect) {
        super.draw(rect)

        #if TARGET_INTERFACE_BUILDER
            applyGradient()
        #endif
    }
}

用法: