是否有任何类,库或一些代码片段,将帮助我上传文件与HTTPWebrequest?
编辑2:
我不想上传到WebDAV文件夹或类似的东西。我想模拟一个浏览器,就像你上传你的头像到一个论坛或通过一个web应用程序中的表单上传一个文件。上传到一个使用multipart/form-data的表单。
编辑:
WebClient不覆盖我的需求,所以我正在寻找一个解决方案与HTTPWebrequest。
是否有任何类,库或一些代码片段,将帮助我上传文件与HTTPWebrequest?
编辑2:
我不想上传到WebDAV文件夹或类似的东西。我想模拟一个浏览器,就像你上传你的头像到一个论坛或通过一个web应用程序中的表单上传一个文件。上传到一个使用multipart/form-data的表单。
编辑:
WebClient不覆盖我的需求,所以我正在寻找一个解决方案与HTTPWebrequest。
当前回答
这里有另一个我的评论的工作示例:
List<MimePart> mimeParts = new List<MimePart>();
try
{
foreach (string key in form.AllKeys)
{
StringMimePart part = new StringMimePart();
part.Headers["Content-Disposition"] = "form-data; name=\"" + key + "\"";
part.StringData = form[key];
mimeParts.Add(part);
}
int nameIndex = 0;
foreach (UploadFile file in files)
{
StreamMimePart part = new StreamMimePart();
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(file.FieldName))
file.FieldName = "file" + nameIndex++;
part.Headers["Content-Disposition"] = "form-data; name=\"" + file.FieldName + "\"; filename=\"" + file.FileName + "\"";
part.Headers["Content-Type"] = file.ContentType;
part.SetStream(file.Data);
mimeParts.Add(part);
}
string boundary = "----------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x");
req.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
req.Method = "POST";
long contentLength = 0;
byte[] _footer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("--" + boundary + "--\r\n");
foreach (MimePart part in mimeParts)
{
contentLength += part.GenerateHeaderFooterData(boundary);
}
req.ContentLength = contentLength + _footer.Length;
byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];
byte[] afterFile = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n");
int read;
using (Stream s = req.GetRequestStream())
{
foreach (MimePart part in mimeParts)
{
s.Write(part.Header, 0, part.Header.Length);
while ((read = part.Data.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0)
s.Write(buffer, 0, read);
part.Data.Dispose();
s.Write(afterFile, 0, afterFile.Length);
}
s.Write(_footer, 0, _footer.Length);
}
return (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
}
catch
{
foreach (MimePart part in mimeParts)
if (part.Data != null)
part.Data.Dispose();
throw;
}
这里有一个使用的例子:
UploadFile[] files = new UploadFile[]
{
new UploadFile(@"C:\2.jpg","new_file","image/jpeg") //new_file is id of upload field
};
NameValueCollection form = new NameValueCollection();
form["id_hidden_input"] = "value_hidden_inpu"; //there is additional param (hidden fields on page)
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(full URL of action);
// set credentials/cookies etc.
req.CookieContainer = hrm.CookieContainer; //hrm is my class. i copied all cookies from last request to current (for auth)
HttpWebResponse resp = HttpUploadHelper.Upload(req, files, form);
using (Stream s = resp.GetResponseStream())
using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(s))
{
string response = sr.ReadToEnd();
}
//profit!
其他回答
这不需要外部代码、扩展和“低级”HTTP操作(只需要NuGet中的Microsoft.Net.Http包)。这里有一个例子:
// Perform the equivalent of posting a form with a filename and two files, in HTML:
// <form action="{url}" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
// <input type="text" name="filename" />
// <input type="file" name="file1" />
// <input type="file" name="file2" />
// </form>
private async Task<System.IO.Stream> UploadAsync(string url, string filename, Stream fileStream, byte [] fileBytes)
{
// Convert each of the three inputs into HttpContent objects
HttpContent stringContent = new StringContent(filename);
// examples of converting both Stream and byte [] to HttpContent objects
// representing input type file
HttpContent fileStreamContent = new StreamContent(fileStream);
HttpContent bytesContent = new ByteArrayContent(fileBytes);
// Submit the form using HttpClient and
// create form data as Multipart (enctype="multipart/form-data")
using (var client = new HttpClient())
using (var formData = new MultipartFormDataContent())
{
// Add the HttpContent objects to the form data
// <input type="text" name="filename" />
formData.Add(stringContent, "filename", "filename");
// <input type="file" name="file1" />
formData.Add(fileStreamContent, "file1", "file1");
// <input type="file" name="file2" />
formData.Add(bytesContent, "file2", "file2");
// Invoke the request to the server
// equivalent to pressing the submit button on
// a form with attributes (action="{url}" method="post")
var response = await client.PostAsync(url, formData);
// ensure the request was a success
if (!response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
return null;
}
return await response.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync();
}
}
我最近不得不处理这个问题——另一种方法是使用WebClient是可继承的这一事实,并从那里改变底层的WebRequest:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.net.webclient.getwebrequest (VS.80) . aspx
我更喜欢c#,但如果你坚持使用VB,结果将是这样的:
Public Class BigWebClient
Inherits WebClient
Protected Overrides Function GetWebRequest(ByVal address As System.Uri) As System.Net.WebRequest
Dim x As WebRequest = MyBase.GetWebRequest(address)
x.Timeout = 60 * 60 * 1000
Return x
End Function
End Class
'Use BigWebClient here instead of WebClient
修改了@CristianRomanescu代码,以使用内存流,接受文件作为字节数组,允许空nvc,返回请求响应和使用授权头。使用Web Api 2测试代码。
private string HttpUploadFile(string url, byte[] file, string fileName, string paramName, string contentType, NameValueCollection nvc, string authorizationHeader)
{
string boundary = "---------------------------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x");
byte[] boundarybytes = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");
HttpWebRequest wr = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
wr.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
wr.Method = "POST";
wr.Headers.Add("Authorization", authorizationHeader);
wr.KeepAlive = true;
Stream rs = wr.GetRequestStream();
string formdataTemplate = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"\r\n\r\n{1}";
if (nvc != null)
{
foreach (string key in nvc.Keys)
{
rs.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length);
string formitem = string.Format(formdataTemplate, key, nvc[key]);
byte[] formitembytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(formitem);
rs.Write(formitembytes, 0, formitembytes.Length);
}
}
rs.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length);
string headerTemplate = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"; filename=\"{1}\"\r\nContent-Type: {2}\r\n\r\n";
string header = string.Format(headerTemplate, paramName, fileName, contentType);
byte[] headerbytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(header);
rs.Write(headerbytes, 0, headerbytes.Length);
rs.Write(file, 0, file.Length);
byte[] trailer = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n");
rs.Write(trailer, 0, trailer.Length);
rs.Close();
WebResponse wresp = null;
try
{
wresp = wr.GetResponse();
Stream stream2 = wresp.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader reader2 = new StreamReader(stream2);
var response = reader2.ReadToEnd();
return response;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
if (wresp != null)
{
wresp.Close();
wresp = null;
}
return null;
}
finally
{
wr = null;
}
}
Testcode:
[HttpPost]
[Route("postformdata")]
public IHttpActionResult PostFormData()
{
// Check if the request contains multipart/form-data.
if (!Request.Content.IsMimeMultipartContent())
{
throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.UnsupportedMediaType);
}
var provider = new MultipartMemoryStreamProvider();
try
{
// Read the form data.
var result = Request.Content.ReadAsMultipartAsync(provider).Result;
string response = "";
// This illustrates how to get the file names.
foreach (var file in provider.Contents)
{
var fileName = file.Headers.ContentDisposition.FileName.Trim('\"');
var buffer = file.ReadAsByteArrayAsync().Result;
response = HttpUploadFile("https://localhost/api/v1/createfromfile", buffer, fileName, "file", "application/pdf", null, "AuthorizationKey");
}
return Ok(response);
}
catch (System.Exception e)
{
return InternalServerError();
}
}
类似这样的代码很接近:(未测试的代码)
byte[] data; // data goes here.
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.Credentials = userNetworkCredentials;
request.Method = "PUT";
request.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
request.ContentLength = data.Length;
Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream();
stream.Write(data,0,data.Length);
stream.Close();
response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream());
temp = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();
基于上面提供的代码,我添加了对多个文件的支持,也可以直接上传流,而不需要有本地文件。
要将文件上传到包含一些post参数的特定url,请执行以下操作:
RequestHelper.PostMultipart(
"http://www.myserver.com/upload.php",
new Dictionary<string, object>() {
{ "testparam", "my value" },
{ "file", new FormFile() { Name = "image.jpg", ContentType = "image/jpeg", FilePath = "c:\\temp\\myniceimage.jpg" } },
{ "other_file", new FormFile() { Name = "image2.jpg", ContentType = "image/jpeg", Stream = imageDataStream } },
});
为了进一步增强这一点,可以从给定的文件本身确定名称和mime类型。
public class FormFile
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public string ContentType { get; set; }
public string FilePath { get; set; }
public Stream Stream { get; set; }
}
public class RequestHelper
{
public static string PostMultipart(string url, Dictionary<string, object> parameters) {
string boundary = "---------------------------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x");
byte[] boundaryBytes = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
request.Method = "POST";
request.KeepAlive = true;
request.Credentials = System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
if(parameters != null && parameters.Count > 0) {
using(Stream requestStream = request.GetRequestStream()) {
foreach(KeyValuePair<string, object> pair in parameters) {
requestStream.Write(boundaryBytes, 0, boundaryBytes.Length);
if(pair.Value is FormFile) {
FormFile file = pair.Value as FormFile;
string header = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + pair.Key + "\"; filename=\"" + file.Name + "\"\r\nContent-Type: " + file.ContentType + "\r\n\r\n";
byte[] bytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(header);
requestStream.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
byte[] buffer = new byte[32768];
int bytesRead;
if(file.Stream == null) {
// upload from file
using(FileStream fileStream = File.OpenRead(file.FilePath)) {
while((bytesRead = fileStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) != 0)
requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
fileStream.Close();
}
}
else {
// upload from given stream
while((bytesRead = file.Stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) != 0)
requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
}
}
else {
string data = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + pair.Key + "\"\r\n\r\n" + pair.Value;
byte[] bytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);
requestStream.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
}
}
byte[] trailer = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n");
requestStream.Write(trailer, 0, trailer.Length);
requestStream.Close();
}
}
using(WebResponse response = request.GetResponse()) {
using(Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream())
using(StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream))
return reader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}