如上所述，使用欧几里得距离。

from math import hypot

def in_radius(c_x, c_y, r, x, y):
    return math.hypot(c_x-x, c_y-y) <= r

你可以用毕达哥拉斯来测量你的点到中心之间的距离，看看它是否低于半径:

def in_circle(center_x, center_y, radius, x, y):
    dist = math.sqrt((center_x - x) ** 2 + (center_y - y) ** 2)
    return dist <= radius

编辑(向保罗致敬)

实际上，取平方根通常比取平方根便宜得多，因为我们只对排序感兴趣，我们当然可以放弃取平方根:

def in_circle(center_x, center_y, radius, x, y):
    square_dist = (center_x - x) ** 2 + (center_y - y) ** 2
    return square_dist <= radius ** 2

此外，Jason注意到<=应该被<取代，根据用法，这实际上可能是有意义的，尽管我认为这在严格的数学意义上是不正确的。我接受纠正。

iOS 15，接受的答案写在Swift 5.5

func isInRectangle(center: CGPoint, radius: Double, point: CGPoint) -> Bool
{
    return point.x >= center.x - radius && point.x <= center.x + radius &&
    point.y >= center.y - radius && point.y <= center.y + radius
}

//test if coordinate (x, y) is within a radius from coordinate (center_x, center_y)
func isPointInCircle(center: CGPoint,
                     radius:Double, point: CGPoint) -> Bool
{
    if(isInRectangle(center: center, radius: radius, point: point))
    {
        var dx:Double = center.x - point.x
        var dy:Double = center.y - point.y
        dx *= dx
        dy *= dy
        let distanceSquared:Double = dx + dy
        let radiusSquared:Double = radius * radius
        return distanceSquared <= radiusSquared
    }
    return false
}

你应该检查圆心到点的距离是否小于半径

使用Python

if (x-center_x)**2 + (y-center_y)**2 <= radius**2:
    # inside circle

进入3D世界，如果你想检查一个3D点是否在单位球面上，你最终会做类似的事情。在2D中工作所需要的就是使用2D矢量运算。

    public static bool Intersects(Vector3 point, Vector3 center, float radius)
    {
        Vector3 displacementToCenter = point - center;

        float radiusSqr = radius * radius;

        bool intersects = displacementToCenter.magnitude < radiusSqr;

        return intersects;
    }

boolean isInRectangle(double centerX, double centerY, double radius, 
    double x, double y)
{
        return x >= centerX - radius && x <= centerX + radius && 
            y >= centerY - radius && y <= centerY + radius;
}    

//test if coordinate (x, y) is within a radius from coordinate (center_x, center_y)
public boolean isPointInCircle(double centerX, double centerY, 
    double radius, double x, double y)
{
    if(isInRectangle(centerX, centerY, radius, x, y))
    {
        double dx = centerX - x;
        double dy = centerY - y;
        dx *= dx;
        dy *= dy;
        double distanceSquared = dx + dy;
        double radiusSquared = radius * radius;
        return distanceSquared <= radiusSquared;
    }
    return false;
}

这样效率更高，可读性更强。它避免了昂贵的平方根运算。我还添加了一个检查，以确定点是否在圆的边界矩形内。

矩形检查是不必要的，除非有许多点或许多圆。如果大多数点都在圆圈内，边框检查实际上会使事情变慢!

像往常一样，一定要考虑您的用例。