字符串方法replace不会修改原始字符串。它保留原始文件并返回修改后的副本。

你需要的是这样的:line = line.replace(char， ")

def replace_all(line, )for char in line:
    if char in " ?.!/;:":
        line = line.replace(char,'')
    return line

然而，每次删除一个字符都创建一个新的字符串是非常低效的。我推荐以下方法:

def replace_all(line, baddies, *):
    """
    The following is documentation on how to use the class,
    without reference to the implementation details:

    For implementation notes, please see comments begining with `#`
    in the source file.

    [*crickets chirp*]

    """

    is_bad = lambda ch, baddies=baddies: return ch in baddies
    filter_baddies = lambda ch, *, is_bad=is_bad: "" if is_bad(ch) else ch
    mahp = replace_all.map(filter_baddies, line)
    return replace_all.join('', join(mahp))

    # -------------------------------------------------
    # WHY `baddies=baddies`?!?
    #     `is_bad=is_bad`
    # -------------------------------------------------
    # Default arguments to a lambda function are evaluated
    # at the same time as when a lambda function is
    # **defined**.
    #
    # global variables of a lambda function
    # are evaluated when the lambda function is
    # **called**
    #
    # The following prints "as yellow as snow"
    #
    #     fleece_color = "white"
    #     little_lamb = lambda end: return "as " + fleece_color + end
    #
    #     # sometime later...
    #
    #     fleece_color = "yellow"
    #     print(little_lamb(" as snow"))
    # --------------------------------------------------
replace_all.map = map
replace_all.join = str.join

这里有一些可能的方法来完成这个任务:

def attempt1(string):
    return "".join([v for v in string if v not in ("a", "e", "i", "o", "u")])


def attempt2(string):
    for v in ("a", "e", "i", "o", "u"):
        string = string.replace(v, "")
    return string


def attempt3(string):
    import re
    for v in ("a", "e", "i", "o", "u"):
        string = re.sub(v, "", string)
    return string


def attempt4(string):
    return string.replace("a", "").replace("e", "").replace("i", "").replace("o", "").replace("u", "")


for attempt in [attempt1, attempt2, attempt3, attempt4]:
    print(attempt("murcielago"))

附注:在使用" ?.!/;:"的例子中使用元音…是的，“murcielago”在西班牙语里是蝙蝠的意思…有趣的单词，因为它包含了所有的元音:)

PS2:如果你对性能感兴趣，你可以用一个简单的代码来衡量这些尝试:

import timeit


K = 1000000
for i in range(1,5):
    t = timeit.Timer(
        f"attempt{i}('murcielago')",
        setup=f"from __main__ import attempt{i}"
    ).repeat(1, K)
    print(f"attempt{i}",min(t))

在我的盒子里，你会得到:

attempt1 2.2334518376057244
attempt2 1.8806643818474513
attempt3 7.214925774955572
attempt4 1.7271184513757465

因此，对于这个特定的输入，尝试4似乎是最快的。

我是不是错过了重点，或者仅仅是以下几点:

string = "ab1cd1ef"
string = string.replace("1", "") 

print(string)
# result: "abcdef"

把它放入循环:

a = "a!b@c#d$"
b = "!@#$"
for char in b:
    a = a.replace(char, "")

print(a)
# result: "abcd"

字符串在Python中是不可变的。replace方法在替换后返回一个新字符串。试一试:

for char in line:
    if char in " ?.!/;:":
        line = line.replace(char,'')

这与您的原始代码相同，只是在循环中添加了对line的赋值。

注意，字符串replace()方法会替换字符串中出现的所有字符，因此可以对想要删除的每个字符使用replace()，而不是遍历字符串中的每个字符，这样做会更好。

#对于目录中的每个文件，重命名文件名

   file_list = os.listdir (r"D:\Dev\Python")

   for file_name in file_list:

       os.rename(file_name, re.sub(r'\d+','',file_name))

这是我的Python 2/3兼容版本。因为翻译api已经改变了。

def remove(str_, chars):
    """Removes each char in `chars` from `str_`.

    Args:
        str_: String to remove characters from
        chars: String of to-be removed characters

    Returns:
        A copy of str_ with `chars` removed

    Example:
            remove("What?!?: darn;", " ?.!:;") => 'Whatdarn'
    """
    try:
        # Python2.x
        return str_.translate(None, chars)
    except TypeError:
        # Python 3.x
        table = {ord(char): None for char in chars}
        return str_.translate(table)