使用SQL Server:

SELECT DATA_TYPE 
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE 
     TABLE_SCHEMA = 'yourSchemaName' AND
     TABLE_NAME   = 'yourTableName' AND 
     COLUMN_NAME  = 'yourColumnName'

使用这个查询

SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'TABLE_NAME'
ORDER BY ORDINAL_POSITION

在TSQL/MSSQL中，它看起来像:

SELECT t.name, c.name 
FROM sys.tables t 
JOIN sys.columns c ON t.object_id = c.object_id
JOIN sys.types y ON y.user_type_id = c.user_type_id
WHERE t.name = ''

使用SQL Server:

SELECT DATA_TYPE 
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE 
     TABLE_SCHEMA = 'yourSchemaName' AND
     TABLE_NAME   = 'yourTableName' AND 
     COLUMN_NAME  = 'yourColumnName'

对于Spark SQL:

DESCRIBE [db_name.]table_name column_name

对于SQL Server，这个系统存储过程将返回所有表信息，包括列数据类型:

exec sp_help YOURTABLENAME