对于IBM DB2:

SELECT TYPENAME FROM SYSCAT.COLUMNS WHERE TABSCHEMA='your_schema_name' AND TABNAME='your_table_name' AND COLNAME='your_column_name'

使用SQL Server:

SELECT DATA_TYPE 
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE 
     TABLE_SCHEMA = 'yourSchemaName' AND
     TABLE_NAME   = 'yourTableName' AND 
     COLUMN_NAME  = 'yourColumnName'

USE [YourDatabaseName]
GO

SELECT column_name 'Column Name',
data_type 'Data Type'
FROM information_schema.columns
WHERE table_name = 'YourTableName'
GO

这将返回值Column Name，显示列的名称，以及这些列的数据类型(int, varchars等)。

我发现这对查询很有用，特别是如果他们使用聚合或几个表(SQL Server)

DECLARE @query nvarchar(max) = 'select * from yourtable';
EXEC sp_describe_first_result_set @query, null, 0; 

我认为在Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio中最简单和最有用的方法是:

EXEC [ServerName].[DatabaseName].dbo.sp_help 'TableName'

使用这个查询

SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'TABLE_NAME'
ORDER BY ORDINAL_POSITION