在Mockito之上使用PowerMockito。

示例代码:

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(DriverManager.class)
public class Mocker {

    @Test
    public void shouldVerifyParameters() throws Exception {

        //given
        PowerMockito.mockStatic(DriverManager.class);
        BDDMockito.given(DriverManager.getConnection(...)).willReturn(...);

        //when
        sut.execute(); // System Under Test (sut)

        //then
        PowerMockito.verifyStatic();
        DriverManager.getConnection(...);

    }

更多信息:

为什么Mockito不模拟静态方法?

稍微重构一下:

public class MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory implements DatabaseConnectionFactory {
    ConnectionSupplier connectionSupplier = () -> SupplierDriverManager.getConnection();

    public void setConnSupplier(ConnectionSupplier supplier) {
        this.connectionSupplier = supplier;
    }

    @Override 
    public Connection getConnection() {
        try {
            return connectionSupplier.conn();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
    @FunctionalInterface
    interface ConnectionSupplier {
        Connection conn();
    }
}

然后你可以使用mockito:

MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory.ConnectionSupplier connectionSupplier = mock(MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory.ConnectionSupplier.class);
when(connectionSupplier.conn()).thenReturn(yourMockObject);
yourConnectionFactory.setConnSupplier(connectionSupplier);

我还编写了Mockito和AspectJ的组合:https://github.com/iirekm/varia/tree/develop/ajmock

你的例子是:

when(() -> DriverManager.getConnection(...)).thenReturn(...);

Mockito不能捕获静态方法，但是由于Mockito 2.14.0，您可以通过创建静态方法的调用实例来模拟它。

示例(从它们的测试中提取):

public class StaticMockingExperimentTest extends TestBase {

    Foo mock = Mockito.mock(Foo.class);
    MockHandler handler = Mockito.mockingDetails(mock).getMockHandler();
    Method staticMethod;
    InvocationFactory.RealMethodBehavior realMethod = new InvocationFactory.RealMethodBehavior() {
        @Override
        public Object call() throws Throwable {
            return null;
        }
    };

    @Before
    public void before() throws Throwable {
        staticMethod = Foo.class.getDeclaredMethod("staticMethod", String.class);
    }

    @Test
    public void verify_static_method() throws Throwable {
        //register staticMethod call on mock
        Invocation invocation = Mockito.framework().getInvocationFactory().createInvocation(mock, withSettings().build(Foo.class), staticMethod, realMethod,
                "some arg");
        handler.handle(invocation);

        //verify staticMethod on mock
        //Mockito cannot capture static methods so we will simulate this scenario in 3 steps:
        //1. Call standard 'verify' method. Internally, it will add verificationMode to the thread local state.
        //  Effectively, we indicate to Mockito that right now we are about to verify a method call on this mock.
        verify(mock);
        //2. Create the invocation instance using the new public API
        //  Mockito cannot capture static methods but we can create an invocation instance of that static invocation
        Invocation verification = Mockito.framework().getInvocationFactory().createInvocation(mock, withSettings().build(Foo.class), staticMethod, realMethod,
                "some arg");
        //3. Make Mockito handle the static method invocation
        //  Mockito will find verification mode in thread local state and will try verify the invocation
        handler.handle(verification);

        //verify zero times, method with different argument
        verify(mock, times(0));
        Invocation differentArg = Mockito.framework().getInvocationFactory().createInvocation(mock, withSettings().build(Foo.class), staticMethod, realMethod,
                "different arg");
        handler.handle(differentArg);
    }

    @Test
    public void stubbing_static_method() throws Throwable {
        //register staticMethod call on mock
        Invocation invocation = Mockito.framework().getInvocationFactory().createInvocation(mock, withSettings().build(Foo.class), staticMethod, realMethod,
                "foo");
        handler.handle(invocation);

        //register stubbing
        when(null).thenReturn("hey");

        //validate stubbed return value
        assertEquals("hey", handler.handle(invocation));
        assertEquals("hey", handler.handle(invocation));

        //default null value is returned if invoked with different argument
        Invocation differentArg = Mockito.framework().getInvocationFactory().createInvocation(mock, withSettings().build(Foo.class), staticMethod, realMethod,
                "different arg");
        assertEquals(null, handler.handle(differentArg));
    }

    static class Foo {

        private final String arg;

        public Foo(String arg) {
            this.arg = arg;
        }

        public static String staticMethod(String arg) {
            return "";
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "foo:" + arg;
        }
    }
}

他们的目标不是直接支持静态模拟，而是改进它的公共api，以便其他库(如Powermockito)不必依赖内部api或直接复制一些Mockito代码。(源)

Disclaimer: Mockito team thinks that the road to hell is paved with static methods. However, Mockito's job is not to protect your code from static methods. If you don’t like your team doing static mocking, stop using Powermockito in your organization. Mockito needs to evolve as a toolkit with an opinionated vision on how Java tests should be written (e.g. don't mock statics!!!). However, Mockito is not dogmatic. We don't want to block unrecommended use cases like static mocking. It's just not our job.

当您尝试模拟静态方法时，必须在try块中编写测试。因为重要的是要注意，作用域模拟必须由激活模拟的实体关闭。

      try (MockedStatic<Tester> tester = Mockito.mockStatic(Tester.class)) {
            tester.when(() -> Tester.testStatic("Testing..")).thenReturn(mock(ReturnObject.class));
    //Here you have to write the test cases
      }

在上面的例子中，我们必须模拟测试器类testStatic方法，输入参数为“Testing…”。在这里，该方法将返回一个ReturnObject类类型对象。因此我们写mockito当链像上面。

不要忘记在你的Gradle/maven中添加以下依赖项

    testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-inline:4.3.1'

你可以做一点重构:

public class MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory implements DatabaseConnectionFactory {

    @Override public Connection getConnection() {
        try {
            return _getConnection(...some params...);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    //method to forward parameters, enabling mocking, extension, etc
    Connection _getConnection(...some params...) throws SQLException {
        return DriverManager.getConnection(...some params...);
    }
}

然后你可以扩展你的MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory类来返回一个模拟的连接，对参数进行断言等等。

扩展类可以驻留在测试用例中，如果它位于相同的包中(我鼓励您这样做)

public class MockedConnectionFactory extends MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory {

    Connection _getConnection(...some params...) throws SQLException {
        if (some param != something) throw new InvalidParameterException();

        //consider mocking some methods with when(yourMock.something()).thenReturn(value)
        return Mockito.mock(Connection.class);
    }
}