I started reading David Mertz's book today 'Text Processing in Python.' While he has a fairly terse description of Lambda's the examples in the first chapter combined with the explanation in Appendix A made them jump off the page for me (finally) and all of a sudden I understood their value. That is not to say his explanation will work for you and I am still at the discovery stage so I will not attempt to add to these responses other than the following: I am new to Python I am new to OOP Lambdas were a struggle for me Now that I read Mertz, I think I get them and I see them as very useful as I think they allow a cleaner approach to programming.

He reproduces the Zen of Python, one line of which is Simple is better than complex. As a non-OOP programmer reading code with lambdas (and until last week list comprehensions) I have thought-This is simple?. I finally realized today that actually these features make the code much more readable, and understandable than the alternative-which is invariably a loop of some sort. I also realized that like financial statements-Python was not designed for the novice user, rather it is designed for the user that wants to get educated. I can't believe how powerful this language is. When it dawned on me (finally) the purpose and value of lambdas I wanted to rip up about 30 programs and start over putting in lambdas where appropriate.

两行总结:

闭包:非常有用。学习它们，利用它们，热爱它们。 Python的lambda关键字:不必要，偶尔有用。如果你发现自己在用它做任何复杂的事情，把它放在一边，定义一个真正的函数。

在我看来，lambda的一个好处是，它可以将简单表单的计算推迟到需要值时才进行。让我解释一下。

许多库例程的实现使得它们允许某些参数被调用(lambda是其中之一)。其思想是，实际值只在将要使用它的时候计算(而不是在调用它的时候)。一个(虚构的)例子可能有助于说明这一点。假设你有一个程序，它将记录一个给定的时间戳。您希望例程使用当前时间减去30分钟。你会这么说的

log_timestamp(datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(minutes = 30))

现在假设实际函数只在某个事件发生时才被调用，并且您希望仅在该事件发生时计算时间戳。你可以这样做

log_timestamp(lambda : datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(minutes = 30))

假设log_timestamp可以像这样处理可调用对象，它将在需要时计算这个值，届时您将获得时间戳。

当然，还有其他方法可以做到这一点(例如使用operator模块)，但我希望我已经传达了这一点。

更新:这里有一个更具体的现实世界的例子。

更新2:我认为这是所谓的“坦克”的一个例子。

Lambdas通常与函数式编程风格密切相关。通过将函数应用于某些数据并合并结果来解决问题，这是谷歌用于实现其大多数算法的思想。

以函数式编程风格编写的程序很容易并行化，因此在现代多核机器中变得越来越重要。 所以简而言之，不，你不应该忘记他们。

你可以用lambda做的任何事情，都可以用命名函数或列表和生成器表达式做得更好。

因此，在大多数情况下，在任何情况下您都应该只使用其中一种(可能除了在交互式解释器中编写的草稿代码)。

Lambda是一个过程构造函数。你可以在运行时合成程序，尽管Python的lambda不是很强大。请注意，很少有人理解这种编程。