I started reading David Mertz's book today 'Text Processing in Python.' While he has a fairly terse description of Lambda's the examples in the first chapter combined with the explanation in Appendix A made them jump off the page for me (finally) and all of a sudden I understood their value. That is not to say his explanation will work for you and I am still at the discovery stage so I will not attempt to add to these responses other than the following: I am new to Python I am new to OOP Lambdas were a struggle for me Now that I read Mertz, I think I get them and I see them as very useful as I think they allow a cleaner approach to programming.

He reproduces the Zen of Python, one line of which is Simple is better than complex. As a non-OOP programmer reading code with lambdas (and until last week list comprehensions) I have thought-This is simple?. I finally realized today that actually these features make the code much more readable, and understandable than the alternative-which is invariably a loop of some sort. I also realized that like financial statements-Python was not designed for the novice user, rather it is designed for the user that wants to get educated. I can't believe how powerful this language is. When it dawned on me (finally) the purpose and value of lambdas I wanted to rip up about 30 programs and start over putting in lambdas where appropriate.

我可以给你们一个我需要的例子。我正在制作一个图形程序，其中使用右键单击文件并为其分配三个选项之一。事实证明，在Tkinter(我在其中编写的GUI接口程序)中，当有人按下按钮时，它不能被分配给接受参数的命令。所以如果我选择了其中一个选项并希望我选择的结果是:

print 'hi there'

那没什么大不了的。但是如果我需要我的选择有一个特定的细节。例如，如果我选择选项A，它会调用一个函数，该函数接受依赖于选项A、B或C的一些参数，TKinter不支持这一点。拉姆达是唯一的选择，实际上…

Lambdas通常与函数式编程风格密切相关。通过将函数应用于某些数据并合并结果来解决问题，这是谷歌用于实现其大多数算法的思想。

以函数式编程风格编写的程序很容易并行化，因此在现代多核机器中变得越来越重要。 所以简而言之，不，你不应该忘记他们。

使用lambdas的一个有用的例子是提高长列表推导式的可读性。 在这个例子中，loop_dic是为了清晰起见的缩写，但是假设loop_dic非常长。如果你只是使用一个包含i的普通值，而不是该值的lambda版本，你会得到一个NameError。

>>> lis = [{"name": "Peter"}, {"name": "Josef"}]

>>> loop_dic = lambda i: {"name": i["name"] + " Wallace" }
>>> new_lis = [loop_dic(i) for i in lis]

>>> new_lis
[{'name': 'Peter Wallace'}, {'name': 'Josef Wallace'}]

而不是

>>> lis = [{"name": "Peter"}, {"name": "Josef"}]

>>> new_lis = [{"name": i["name"] + " Wallace"} for i in lis]

>>> new_lis
[{'name': 'Peter Wallace'}, {'name': 'Josef Wallace'}]

你说的是lambda表达式吗?就像

lambda x: x**2 + 2*x - 5

这些东西其实很有用。Python支持一种称为函数式编程的编程风格，在这种编程风格中，您可以将函数传递给其他函数来执行某些操作。例子:

mult3 = filter(lambda x: x % 3 == 0, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])

将mult3设置为[3,6,9]，即原始列表中3的倍数的元素。这句话更短(有人可能会说，更清楚)

def filterfunc(x):
    return x % 3 == 0
mult3 = filter(filterfunc, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])

当然，在这个特殊的情况下，你可以做同样的事情作为一个列表推导:

mult3 = [x for x in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] if x % 3 == 0]

(甚至作为range(3,10,3))，但还有许多其他更复杂的用例，在这些用例中，您不能使用列表推导式，lambda函数可能是写出一些东西的最短方法。

Returning a function from another function >>> def transform(n): ... return lambda x: x + n ... >>> f = transform(3) >>> f(4) 7 This is often used to create function wrappers, such as Python's decorators. Combining elements of an iterable sequence with reduce() >>> reduce(lambda a, b: '{}, {}'.format(a, b), [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]) '1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9' Sorting by an alternate key >>> sorted([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], key=lambda x: abs(5-x)) [5, 4, 6, 3, 7, 2, 8, 1, 9]

我经常使用lambda函数。我花了一段时间来适应它们，但最终我明白了它们是语言中非常有价值的一部分。

我怀疑lambda不会消失。 请参阅Guido关于最终放弃尝试删除它的帖子。也请参阅冲突概要。

你可以看看这篇文章，了解更多Python函数特性背后的交易历史: http://python-history.blogspot.com/2009/04/origins-of-pythons-functional-features.html

奇怪的是，最初引入lambda和其他函数特性的map、filter和reduce函数在很大程度上已经被列表推导式和生成器表达式所取代。事实上，在Python 3.0中，reduce函数已从内置函数列表中删除。(但是，没有必要投诉lambda、map或filter的删除:它们被保留了。: -)

我个人的意见是:就清晰度而言，lambda值不了多少。通常有一个更清晰的不包含的解。