刚刚为我做了这个:在包管理器控制台上安装-Package System.Data.SQLite.Core。

大会上会有竞争吗?检查DLL上是否有其他具有文件锁的应用程序。

如果是这个原因，使用Sysinternal的Process Explorer之类的工具来发现有问题的程序应该很容易。

HTH, 粘土

我自己也遇到过这个问题，但事实证明是另一个原因:

System.DllNotFoundException was caught 
Unable to load DLL 'SQLite.Interop.dll': Access is denied. 

在这种情况下，代码是从IIS托管的web服务(为x86版本配置)中(间接地)调用的。我最终在IIS的应用程序池中找到了它:最初我使用的是“ASP。NET V4.0集成”(这导致了这个错误)，但当我把它改成“DefaultAppPool”时，问题就消失了。

(唷!)

所以，我的问题是SQLite试图在WPF的设计时加载。由于我只关心x86环境，所以我将CPU首选项设置为x86环境，并将Nuget包中的SQLite.Interop.dll复制到解决方案的根目录。重新启动解决方案，所有问题都消失了。因此，如果遇到设计时问题，请将库放到解决方案的根目录中。

此外，我在运行时遇到了类似的问题，所以我必须将SQLite.Interop.dll的副本放入我的项目中，并将其设置为复制，如果它在属性中较新的。似乎x86和x64提供的文件夹是完全无用的。还需要进一步的调查，但总的来说…在你的项目中手动引用SQLite比使用Nuget包更容易。

此外，官方常见问题解答如下:

(20) When the System.Data.SQLite project is compiled and run from inside Visual Studio, why do I get a DllNotFoundException or a BadImageFormatException (for "sqlite3.dll" or "SQLite.Interop.dll") when trying to run or debug the application? When compiling and running a solution from within Visual Studio that uses the System.Data.SQLite project (including the test project), it is very important to select the correct build configuration and platform. First, managed applications to be debugged inside Visual Studio cannot use the mixed-mode assembly (i.e. because it is always compiled to the platform-specific build output directory). This is necessary to properly support building binaries for multiple platforms using the same source project files. Therefore, only the "DebugNativeOnly" or "ReleaseNativeOnly" build configurations should be selected when running a managed application from inside Visual Studio that relies upon the System.Data.SQLite assembly. These build configurations contain a custom post-build step that copies the required native assembly to the managed output directory (i.e. to enable running the managed binaries in-place). However, this post-build step will only be performed if the selected platform matches that of the operating system (e.g. "Win32" for 32-bit Windows and "x64" for 64-bit Windows). Therefore, it is good practice to double-check the selected build platform against the operating system prior to attempting to run a managed project in the solution.

https://system.data.sqlite.org/index.html/doc/trunk/www/faq.wiki#q20

如果您试图在64位项目中运行32位dll，也可能会出现此错误。

当我在x86和x64文件夹中放置相同的文件(32位版本的SQLite.Interop.dll)时，我得到了这个。

Mine didn't work for unit tests either, and for some reason Michael Bromley's answer involving DeploymentItem attribute didn't work. However, I got it working using test settings. In VS2013, add a new item to your solution and search for "settings" and select the "Test Settings" template file. Name it "SqliteUnitTests" or something and open it. Select "Deployment" off to the right, and add Directory/File. Add paths/directories to your SQLite.Interop.dll file. For me, I added two paths, one each for Project\bin\Debug\x64 and Console\bin\Debug\x86. You may also want to add your Sqlite file, depending on how you expect your unit test/solution to access the file.