我需要随机洗牌以下数组:
int[] solutionArray = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1};
有什么函数可以做到吗?
当前回答
下面是一个有效的Fisher-Yates shuffle数组函数:
private static void shuffleArray(int[] array)
{
int index;
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = array.length - 1; i > 0; i--)
{
index = random.nextInt(i + 1);
if (index != i)
{
array[index] ^= array[i];
array[i] ^= array[index];
array[index] ^= array[i];
}
}
}
or
private static void shuffleArray(int[] array)
{
int index, temp;
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = array.length - 1; i > 0; i--)
{
index = random.nextInt(i + 1);
temp = array[index];
array[index] = array[i];
array[i] = temp;
}
}
其他回答
其中一种解决方法是使用排列来预先计算所有的排列并存储在数组列表中
Java 8在Java .util. random类中引入了一个新方法ints()。ints()方法返回无限的伪随机int值流。您可以通过提供最小值和最大值来限制指定范围内的随机数。
Random genRandom = new Random();
int num = genRandom.nextInt(arr.length);
在生成随机数的帮助下，您可以遍历循环并与随机数交换当前索引。 这就是生成空间复杂度为O(1)的随机数的方法。
你有几个选择。当涉及到洗牌时，列表与数组有点不同。
如下所示，数组比列表快，而基元数组比对象数组快。
样品时间
List<Integer> Shuffle: 43133ns
Integer[] Shuffle: 31884ns
int[] Shuffle: 25377ns
下面是shuffle的三种不同实现。您应该只使用集合。如果处理的是集合，则Shuffle。没有必要为了排序而将数组包装到一个集合中。下面的方法实现起来非常简单。
ShuffleUtil Class
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.*;
public class ShuffleUtil<T> {
private static final int[] EMPTY_INT_ARRAY = new int[0];
private static final int SHUFFLE_THRESHOLD = 5;
private static Random rand;
主要方法
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Integer> list = null;
Integer[] arr = null;
int[] iarr = null;
long start = 0;
int cycles = 1000;
int n = 1000;
// Shuffle List<Integer>
start = System.nanoTime();
list = range(n);
for (int i = 0; i < cycles; i++) {
ShuffleUtil.shuffle(list);
}
System.out.printf("%22s: %dns%n", "List<Integer> Shuffle", (System.nanoTime() - start) / cycles);
// Shuffle Integer[]
start = System.nanoTime();
arr = toArray(list);
for (int i = 0; i < cycles; i++) {
ShuffleUtil.shuffle(arr);
}
System.out.printf("%22s: %dns%n", "Integer[] Shuffle", (System.nanoTime() - start) / cycles);
// Shuffle int[]
start = System.nanoTime();
iarr = toPrimitive(arr);
for (int i = 0; i < cycles; i++) {
ShuffleUtil.shuffle(iarr);
}
System.out.printf("%22s: %dns%n", "int[] Shuffle", (System.nanoTime() - start) / cycles);
}
变换通用列表
// ================================================================
// Shuffle List<T> (java.lang.Collections)
// ================================================================
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static <T> void shuffle(List<T> list) {
if (rand == null) {
rand = new Random();
}
int size = list.size();
if (size < SHUFFLE_THRESHOLD || list instanceof RandomAccess) {
for (int i = size; i > 1; i--) {
swap(list, i - 1, rand.nextInt(i));
}
} else {
Object arr[] = list.toArray();
for (int i = size; i > 1; i--) {
swap(arr, i - 1, rand.nextInt(i));
}
ListIterator<T> it = list.listIterator();
int i = 0;
while (it.hasNext()) {
it.next();
it.set((T) arr[i++]);
}
}
}
public static <T> void swap(List<T> list, int i, int j) {
final List<T> l = list;
l.set(i, l.set(j, l.get(i)));
}
public static <T> List<T> shuffled(List<T> list) {
List<T> copy = copyList(list);
shuffle(copy);
return copy;
}
变换泛型数组
// ================================================================
// Shuffle T[]
// ================================================================
public static <T> void shuffle(T[] arr) {
if (rand == null) {
rand = new Random();
}
for (int i = arr.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
swap(arr, i, rand.nextInt(i + 1));
}
}
public static <T> void swap(T[] arr, int i, int j) {
T tmp = arr[i];
arr[i] = arr[j];
arr[j] = tmp;
}
public static <T> T[] shuffled(T[] arr) {
T[] copy = Arrays.copyOf(arr, arr.length);
shuffle(copy);
return copy;
}
打乱原语数组
// ================================================================
// Shuffle int[]
// ================================================================
public static <T> void shuffle(int[] arr) {
if (rand == null) {
rand = new Random();
}
for (int i = arr.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
swap(arr, i, rand.nextInt(i + 1));
}
}
public static <T> void swap(int[] arr, int i, int j) {
int tmp = arr[i];
arr[i] = arr[j];
arr[j] = tmp;
}
public static int[] shuffled(int[] arr) {
int[] copy = Arrays.copyOf(arr, arr.length);
shuffle(copy);
return copy;
}
实用方法
简单的实用工具方法复制和转换数组到列表，反之亦然。
// ================================================================
// Utility methods
// ================================================================
protected static <T> List<T> copyList(List<T> list) {
List<T> copy = new ArrayList<T>(list.size());
for (T item : list) {
copy.add(item);
}
return copy;
}
protected static int[] toPrimitive(Integer[] array) {
if (array == null) {
return null;
} else if (array.length == 0) {
return EMPTY_INT_ARRAY;
}
final int[] result = new int[array.length];
for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
result[i] = array[i].intValue();
}
return result;
}
protected static Integer[] toArray(List<Integer> list) {
return toArray(list, Integer.class);
}
protected static <T> T[] toArray(List<T> list, Class<T> clazz) {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
final T[] arr = list.toArray((T[]) Array.newInstance(clazz, list.size()));
return arr;
}
范围类
生成一个值范围，类似于Python的range函数。
// ================================================================
// Range class for generating a range of values.
// ================================================================
protected static List<Integer> range(int n) {
return toList(new Range(n), new ArrayList<Integer>());
}
protected static <T> List<T> toList(Iterable<T> iterable) {
return toList(iterable, new ArrayList<T>());
}
protected static <T> List<T> toList(Iterable<T> iterable, List<T> destination) {
addAll(destination, iterable.iterator());
return destination;
}
protected static <T> void addAll(Collection<T> collection, Iterator<T> iterator) {
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
collection.add(iterator.next());
}
}
private static class Range implements Iterable<Integer> {
private int start;
private int stop;
private int step;
private Range(int n) {
this(0, n, 1);
}
private Range(int start, int stop) {
this(start, stop, 1);
}
private Range(int start, int stop, int step) {
this.start = start;
this.stop = stop;
this.step = step;
}
@Override
public Iterator<Integer> iterator() {
final int min = start;
final int max = stop / step;
return new Iterator<Integer>() {
private int current = min;
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
return current < max;
}
@Override
public Integer next() {
if (hasNext()) {
return current++ * step;
} else {
throw new NoSuchElementException("Range reached the end");
}
}
@Override
public void remove() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Can't remove values from a Range");
}
};
}
}
}
使用ArrayList<Integer>可以帮助您解决洗牌问题，而无需应用大量逻辑和消耗更少的时间。以下是我的建议:
ArrayList<Integer> x = new ArrayList<Integer>();
for(int i=1; i<=add.length(); i++)
{
x.add(i);
}
Collections.shuffle(x);
下面是一个有效的Fisher-Yates shuffle数组函数:
private static void shuffleArray(int[] array)
{
int index;
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = array.length - 1; i > 0; i--)
{
index = random.nextInt(i + 1);
if (index != i)
{
array[index] ^= array[i];
array[i] ^= array[index];
array[index] ^= array[i];
}
}
}
or
private static void shuffleArray(int[] array)
{
int index, temp;
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = array.length - 1; i > 0; i--)
{
index = random.nextInt(i + 1);
temp = array[index];
array[index] = array[i];
array[i] = temp;
}
}
类似的情况没有使用swap b
Random r = new Random();
int n = solutionArray.length;
List<Integer> arr = Arrays.stream(solutionArray)
.boxed()
.collect(Collectors.toList());
for (int i = 0; i < n-1; i++) {
solutionArray[i] = arr.remove(r.nextInt(arr.size())); // randomize based on size
}
solutionArray[n-1] = arr.get(0);
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