Java不允许我们这么做的原因是什么

private T[] elements = new T[initialCapacity];

我可以理解。net不允许我们这样做,因为在。net中,值类型在运行时可以有不同的大小,但在Java中,所有类型的T都将是对象引用,因此具有相同的大小(如果我错了请纠正我)。

原因是什么?


当前回答

这是不可能的,因为Java完全在编译器级别上实现了泛型,并且每个类只生成一个类文件。 这叫做类型擦除。

在运行时,已编译的类需要用相同的字节码处理它的所有使用。因此,new T[capacity]将完全不知道需要实例化什么类型。

其他回答

这是不可能的,因为Java完全在编译器级别上实现了泛型,并且每个类只生成一个类文件。 这叫做类型擦除。

在运行时,已编译的类需要用相同的字节码处理它的所有使用。因此,new T[capacity]将完全不知道需要实例化什么类型。

我喜欢间接给出的答案 Gafter。然而,我认为这是错误的。我稍微修改了一下加福特的代码。它编译并运行一段时间,然后在Gafter预测的地方爆炸

class Box<T> {

    final T x;

    Box(T x) {
        this.x = x;
    }
}

class Loophole {

    public static <T> T[] array(final T... values) {
        return (values);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Box<String> a = new Box("Hello");
        Box<String> b = new Box("World");
        Box<String> c = new Box("!!!!!!!!!!!");
        Box<String>[] bsa = array(a, b, c);
        System.out.println("I created an array of generics.");

        Object[] oa = bsa;
        oa[0] = new Box<Integer>(3);
        System.out.println("error not caught by array store check");

        try {
            String s = bsa[0].x;
        } catch (ClassCastException cause) {
            System.out.println("BOOM!");
            cause.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

输出为

I created an array of generics.
error not caught by array store check
BOOM!
java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.Integer cannot be cast to java.lang.String
    at Loophole.main(Box.java:26)

在我看来,你可以在java中创建泛型数组类型。我误解了这个问题吗?

Oracle教程:

You cannot create arrays of parameterized types. For example, the following code does not compile: List<Integer>[] arrayOfLists = new List<Integer>[2]; // compile-time error The following code illustrates what happens when different types are inserted into an array: Object[] strings = new String[2]; strings[0] = "hi"; // OK strings[1] = 100; // An ArrayStoreException is thrown. If you try the same thing with a generic list, there would be a problem: Object[] stringLists = new List<String>[]; // compiler error, but pretend it's allowed stringLists[0] = new ArrayList<String>(); // OK stringLists[1] = new ArrayList<Integer>(); // An ArrayStoreException should be thrown, // but the runtime can't detect it. If arrays of parameterized lists were allowed, the previous code would fail to throw the desired ArrayStoreException.

对我来说,这听起来很软弱。我认为任何对泛型有充分理解的人,都完全可以理解,甚至期望,在这种情况下ArrayStoredException不会被抛出。

答案已经给出了,但如果你已经有一个T的实例,那么你可以这样做:

T t; //Assuming you already have this object instantiated or given by parameter.
int length;
T[] ts = (T[]) Array.newInstance(t.getClass(), length);

希望,我能帮忙, Ferdi265

引用:

Arrays of generic types are not allowed because they're not sound. The problem is due to the interaction of Java arrays, which are not statically sound but are dynamically checked, with generics, which are statically sound and not dynamically checked. Here is how you could exploit the loophole: class Box<T> { final T x; Box(T x) { this.x = x; } } class Loophole { public static void main(String[] args) { Box<String>[] bsa = new Box<String>[3]; Object[] oa = bsa; oa[0] = new Box<Integer>(3); // error not caught by array store check String s = bsa[0].x; // BOOM! } } We had proposed to resolve this problem using statically safe arrays (aka Variance) bute that was rejected for Tiger. -- gafter

(我相信是尼尔·盖特,但不确定)

在这里查看上下文:http://forums.sun.com/thread.jspa?threadID=457033&forumID=316