将映像看作容器的“快照”可能会有所帮助。

你可以从容器中创建映像(新的“快照”)，也可以从映像中启动新的容器(实例化“快照”)。例如，您可以从一个基本映像实例化一个新容器，在容器中运行一些命令，然后将其“快照”为一个新映像。然后，您可以从这个新映像实例化100个容器。

其他需要考虑的事情:

图像是由层组成的，层是快照“差别”;当你推送一个图像时，只有“diff”被发送到注册表。 Dockerfile在基本映像之上定义了一些命令，这些命令可以创建新的层(“diffs”)，从而生成新的映像(“snapshot”)。 容器总是从映像实例化。 图像标签不仅仅是标签。它们是图像的“全名”(“repository:tag”)。如果同一个映像有多个名称，则在处理docker映像时显示多次。

An image is like a class and container is like an object that class and so you can have an infinite number of containers behaving like the image. A class is a blueprint which isnt doing anything on its own. You have to create instances of the object un your program to do anything meaningful. And so is the case with an image and a container. You define your image and then create containers running that image. It isnt exactly similar because object is an instance of a class whereas a container is something like an empty hollow place and you use the image to build up a running host with exactly what the image says

映像的实例称为容器。你有一个图像，它是你描述的一组图层。如果启动这个映像，就有了这个映像的运行容器。同一个映像可以有多个正在运行的容器。

你可以用docker images看到你所有的图像，而你可以用docker ps看到你正在运行的容器(你可以用docker ps -a看到所有的容器)。

因此，映像的运行实例就是一个容器。

虽然将容器看作一个运行的映像是最简单的，但这并不十分准确。

An image is really a template that can be turned into a container. To turn an image into a container, the Docker engine takes the image, adds a read-write filesystem on top and initialises various settings including network ports, container name, ID and resource limits. A running container has a currently executing process, but a container can also be stopped (or exited in Docker's terminology). An exited container is not the same as an image, as it can be restarted and will retain its settings and any filesystem changes.

I would like to fill the missing part here between docker images and containers. Docker uses a union file system (UFS) for containers, which allows multiple filesystems to be mounted in a hierarchy and to appear as a single filesystem. The filesystem from the image has been mounted as a read-only layer, and any changes to the running container are made to a read-write layer mounted on top of this. Because of this, Docker only has to look at the topmost read-write layer to find the changes made to the running system.

长话短说。

码头工人图片:

用于创建容器的文件系统和配置(只读)应用程序。

码头工人的容器:

容器和映像之间的主要区别是最上面的可写层。容器是顶层可写层的Docker映像的运行实例。容器运行实际的应用程序。容器包括应用程序及其所有依赖项。当容器被删除时，可写层也会被删除。底层图像保持不变。

其他需要注意的重要术语:

码头工人守护进程:

运行在主机上的后台服务，它管理构建，运行和分发Docker容器。

码头工人客户:

允许用户与Docker守护进程交互的命令行工具。

码头工人商店:

Store是一个Docker映像的注册表。您可以将注册表视为所有可用Docker映像的目录

这篇博文中的一张图片胜过千言万语。

简介:

从Docker中心提取图像或从Dockerfile构建=>给出一个 Docker图像(不可编辑)。 运行image (docker Run image_name:tag_name) =>给出一个运行 图片即容器(可编辑)