I would like to fill the missing part here between docker images and containers. Docker uses a union file system (UFS) for containers, which allows multiple filesystems to be mounted in a hierarchy and to appear as a single filesystem. The filesystem from the image has been mounted as a read-only layer, and any changes to the running container are made to a read-write layer mounted on top of this. Because of this, Docker only has to look at the topmost read-write layer to find the changes made to the running system.

Dockerfile→(Build)→Image→(Run)→Container。

Dockerfile:包含一组Docker指令，以您喜欢的方式配置您的操作系统，并安装/配置所有软件。 图片:编译好的Dockerfile。节省了每次需要运行容器时重新构建Dockerfile的时间。这是一种隐藏供应代码的方法。 容器:虚拟操作系统本身。您可以ssh进入其中并运行任何命令，就像它是一个真实的环境一样。您可以从同一个映像运行1000多个容器。

*在docker中，镜像是一个不可变的文件，它包含docker应用程序运行所需的源代码和信息。它可以独立于容器而存在。

Docker容器是在运行时创建的虚拟化环境，需要镜像才能运行。docker网站上有一张图片显示了这种关系:

也许解释一下整个工作流程会有帮助。

一切都从Dockerfile开始。Dockerfile是映像的源代码。

创建Dockerfile之后，构建它来创建容器的映像。图像只是Dockerfile“源代码”的“编译版本”。

一旦有了容器的映像，就应该使用注册表重新分发它。注册表类似于Git存储库——您可以推送和拉出图像。

接下来，您可以使用映像来运行容器。在许多方面，运行中的容器与虚拟机非常相似(但没有管理程序)。

I would like to fill the missing part here between docker images and containers. Docker uses a union file system (UFS) for containers, which allows multiple filesystems to be mounted in a hierarchy and to appear as a single filesystem. The filesystem from the image has been mounted as a read-only layer, and any changes to the running container are made to a read-write layer mounted on top of this. Because of this, Docker only has to look at the topmost read-write layer to find the changes made to the running system.

An image is like a class and container is like an object that class and so you can have an infinite number of containers behaving like the image. A class is a blueprint which isnt doing anything on its own. You have to create instances of the object un your program to do anything meaningful. And so is the case with an image and a container. You define your image and then create containers running that image. It isnt exactly similar because object is an instance of a class whereas a container is something like an empty hollow place and you use the image to build up a running host with exactly what the image says