我想定义一个没有初始化长度的二维数组,如下所示:
Matrix = [][]
但这给出了一个错误:
IndexError:列表索引超出范围
我想定义一个没有初始化长度的二维数组,如下所示:
Matrix = [][]
但这给出了一个错误:
IndexError:列表索引超出范围
当前回答
使用列表:
matrix_in_python = [['Roy',80,75,85,90,95],['John',75,80,75,85,100],['Dave',80,80,80,90,95]]
通过使用dict:您还可以将这些信息存储在哈希表中,以便快速搜索,例如
matrix = { '1':[0,0] , '2':[0,1],'3':[0,2],'4' : [1,0],'5':[1,1],'6':[1,2],'7':[2,0],'8':[2,1],'9':[2,2]};
矩阵['1']将在O(1)时间内给出结果
*nb:你需要处理哈希表中的冲突
其他回答
如果在开始之前没有大小信息,请创建两个一维列表。
list 1: To store rows
list 2: Actual two-dimensional matrix
将整行存储在第一个列表中。完成后,将列表1追加到列表2中:
from random import randint
coordinates=[]
temp=[]
points=int(raw_input("Enter No Of Coordinates >"))
for i in range(0,points):
randomx=randint(0,1000)
randomy=randint(0,1000)
temp=[]
temp.append(randomx)
temp.append(randomy)
coordinates.append(temp)
print coordinates
输出:
Enter No Of Coordinates >4
[[522, 96], [378, 276], [349, 741], [238, 439]]
如果您需要具有预定义数字的矩阵,可以使用以下代码:
def matrix(rows, cols, start=0):
return [[c + start + r * cols for c in range(cols)] for r in range(rows)]
assert matrix(2, 3, 1) == [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
为便于阅读而重写:
# 2D array/ matrix
# 5 rows, 5 cols
rows_count = 5
cols_count = 5
# create
# creation looks reverse
# create an array of "cols_count" cols, for each of the "rows_count" rows
# all elements are initialized to 0
two_d_array = [[0 for j in range(cols_count)] for i in range(rows_count)]
# index is from 0 to 4
# for both rows & cols
# since 5 rows, 5 cols
# use
two_d_array[0][0] = 1
print two_d_array[0][0] # prints 1 # 1st row, 1st col (top-left element of matrix)
two_d_array[1][0] = 2
print two_d_array[1][0] # prints 2 # 2nd row, 1st col
two_d_array[1][4] = 3
print two_d_array[1][4] # prints 3 # 2nd row, last col
two_d_array[4][4] = 4
print two_d_array[4][4] # prints 4 # last row, last col (right, bottom element of matrix)
我在逗号分隔的文件中阅读如下:
data=[]
for l in infile:
l = split(',')
data.append(l)
列表“data”是带有索引数据[row][col]的列表列表
你应该列出一个列表,最好的方法是使用嵌套的理解:
>>> matrix = [[0 for i in range(5)] for j in range(5)]
>>> pprint.pprint(matrix)
[[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]
在您的[5][5]示例中,您正在创建一个包含整数“5”的列表,并尝试访问其第5项,这自然会引发IndexError,因为没有第5项:
>>> l = [5]
>>> l[5]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
IndexError: list index out of range