Python允许从给定基数的字符串中轻松创建一个整数
int(str, base).
我想执行相反的操作:从一个整数创建一个字符串， 例如，我想要一些函数int2base(num, base)，这样:
int(int2base(x, b), b) == x
函数名/参数的顺序并不重要。
对于int()将接受的任何以b为底的数字x。
这是一个很容易写的函数:事实上，它比在这个问题中描述它更容易。然而，我觉得我一定是错过了什么。
我知道函数bin, oct, hex，但我不能使用它们的几个原因:
这些函数在旧版本的Python中不可用，我需要与(2.2)兼容 我想要一个通解对于不同的碱都可以用同样的方式表示 我想允许2 8 16以外的底数
相关的
Python优雅的int(string, base)逆函数 在python中使用递归的整数到base-x系统 Python中的Base 62转换 如何在Python中将整数转换为最短的url安全字符串?
当前回答
>>> import string
>>> def int2base(integer, base):
if not integer: return '0'
sign = 1 if integer > 0 else -1
alphanum = string.digits + string.ascii_lowercase
nums = alphanum[:base]
res = ''
integer *= sign
while integer:
integer, mod = divmod(integer, base)
res += nums[mod]
return ('' if sign == 1 else '-') + res[::-1]
>>> int2base(-15645, 23)
'-16d5'
>>> int2base(213, 21)
'a3'
其他回答
http://code.activestate.com/recipes/65212/
def base10toN(num,n):
"""Change a to a base-n number.
Up to base-36 is supported without special notation."""
num_rep={10:'a',
11:'b',
12:'c',
13:'d',
14:'e',
15:'f',
16:'g',
17:'h',
18:'i',
19:'j',
20:'k',
21:'l',
22:'m',
23:'n',
24:'o',
25:'p',
26:'q',
27:'r',
28:'s',
29:'t',
30:'u',
31:'v',
32:'w',
33:'x',
34:'y',
35:'z'}
new_num_string=''
current=num
while current!=0:
remainder=current%n
if 36>remainder>9:
remainder_string=num_rep[remainder]
elif remainder>=36:
remainder_string='('+str(remainder)+')'
else:
remainder_string=str(remainder)
new_num_string=remainder_string+new_num_string
current=current/n
return new_num_string
这是来自同一个链接的另一个
def baseconvert(n, base):
"""convert positive decimal integer n to equivalent in another base (2-36)"""
digits = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
try:
n = int(n)
base = int(base)
except:
return ""
if n < 0 or base < 2 or base > 36:
return ""
s = ""
while 1:
r = n % base
s = digits[r] + s
n = n / base
if n == 0:
break
return s
下面是一个如何将任意基数转换为另一个基数的示例。
from collections import namedtuple
Test = namedtuple("Test", ["n", "from_base", "to_base", "expected"])
def convert(n: int, from_base: int, to_base: int) -> int:
digits = []
while n:
(n, r) = divmod(n, to_base)
digits.append(r)
return sum(from_base ** i * v for i, v in enumerate(digits))
if __name__ == "__main__":
tests = [
Test(32, 16, 10, 50),
Test(32, 20, 10, 62),
Test(1010, 2, 10, 10),
Test(8, 10, 8, 10),
Test(150, 100, 1000, 150),
Test(1500, 100, 10, 1050000),
]
for test in tests:
result = convert(*test[:-1])
assert result == test.expected, f"{test=}, {result=}"
print("PASSED!!!")
def base_changer(number,base):
buff=97+abs(base-10)
dic={};buff2='';buff3=10
for i in range(97,buff+1):
dic[buff3]=chr(i)
buff3+=1
while(number>=base):
mod=int(number%base)
number=int(number//base)
if (mod) in dic.keys():
buff2+=dic[mod]
continue
buff2+=str(mod)
if (number) in dic.keys():
buff2+=dic[number]
else:
buff2+=str(number)
return buff2[::-1]
另一个简短的(在我看来更容易理解):
def int_to_str(n, b, symbols='0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'):
return (int_to_str(n/b, b, symbols) if n >= b else "") + symbols[n%b]
通过适当的异常处理:
def int_to_str(n, b, symbols='0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'):
try:
return (int_to_str(n/b, b) if n >= b else "") + symbols[n%b]
except IndexError:
raise ValueError(
"The symbols provided are not enough to represent this number in "
"this base")
一个递归的解决方案。当然，这对负二进制值不起作用。您需要实现Two's Complement。
def generateBase36Alphabet():
return ''.join([str(i) for i in range(10)]+[chr(i+65) for i in range(26)])
def generateAlphabet(base):
return generateBase36Alphabet()[:base]
def intToStr(n, base, alphabet):
def toStr(n, base, alphabet):
return alphabet[n] if n < base else toStr(n//base,base,alphabet) + alphabet[n%base]
return ('-' if n < 0 else '') + toStr(abs(n), base, alphabet)
print('{} -> {}'.format(-31, intToStr(-31, 16, generateAlphabet(16)))) # -31 -> -1F
