如果我有对象的引用:

var test = {};

可能(但不是立即)具有嵌套对象,例如:

{level1: {level2: {level3: "level3"}}};

检查深度嵌套对象中是否存在属性的最佳方法是什么?

警报(测试级别1);生成未定义,但警告(test.level1.level2.level3);失败。

我目前正在做这样的事情:

if(test.level1 && test.level1.level2 && test.level1.level2.level3) {
    alert(test.level1.level2.level3);
}

但我想知道是否有更好的方法。


当前回答

function isIn(string, object){
    var arr = string.split(".");
    var notFound = true;
    var length = arr.length;
    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++){
        var key = arr[i];
        if (!object.hasOwnProperty(key)){
            notFound = false;
            break;
        }
        if ((i + length) <= length){
            object = object[key];
        }
    }
    return notFound;
}
var musicCollection = {
    hasslehoff: {
        greatestHits : true
    }
};
console.log(isIn("hasslehoff.greatestHits", musicCollection));
console.log(isIn("hasslehoff.worseHits", musicCollection));

这里是我的基于字符串的分隔符版本。

其他回答

我已经对这个问题提出的一些建议进行了性能测试(感谢cdMinix添加了lodash),结果如下。

免责声明#1将字符串转换为引用是不必要的元编程,可能最好避免。首先不要忘记你的推荐人。阅读类似问题的答案。免责声明#2我们在这里谈论的是每毫秒数百万次的操作。在大多数用例中,这些都不太可能产生很大的差异。了解每种方法的局限性,选择最有意义的方法。对我来说,我会采取一些类似于出于方便而减少的措施。

物体包裹(Oliver Steele)–34%–最快

var r1 = (((test || {}).level1 || {}).level2 || {}).level3;
var r2 = (((test || {}).level1 || {}).level2 || {}).foo;

原始解决方案(有疑问的建议)–45%

var r1 = test.level1 && test.level1.level2 && test.level1.level2.level3;
var r2 = test.level1 && test.level1.level2 && test.level1.level2.foo;

checkNested–50%

function checkNested(obj) {
  for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
    if (!obj.hasOwnProperty(arguments[i])) {
      return false;
    }
    obj = obj[arguments[i]];
  }
  return true;
}

get_if_exist–52%

function get_if_exist(str) {
    try { return eval(str) }
    catch(e) { return undefined }
}

有效链–54%

function validChain( object, ...keys ) {
    return keys.reduce( ( a, b ) => ( a || { } )[ b ], object ) !== undefined;
}

objHasKeys–63%

function objHasKeys(obj, keys) {
  var next = keys.shift();
  return obj[next] && (! keys.length || objHasKeys(obj[next], keys));
}

nestedPropertyExists–69%

function nestedPropertyExists(obj, props) {
    var prop = props.shift();
    return prop === undefined ? true : obj.hasOwnProperty(prop) ? nestedPropertyExists(obj[prop], props) : false;
}

_.获得–72%

深度测试–86%

function deeptest(target, s){
    s= s.split('.')
    var obj= target[s.shift()];
    while(obj && s.length) obj= obj[s.shift()];
    return obj;
}

悲伤的小丑–100%–最慢

var o = function(obj) { return obj || {} };

var r1 = o(o(o(o(test).level1).level2).level3);
var r2 = o(o(o(o(test).level1).level2).foo);

CMS给出的答案也适用于空检查的以下修改

function checkNested(obj /*, level1, level2, ... levelN*/) 
      {
             var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments),
             obj = args.shift();

            for (var i = 0; i < args.length; i++) 
            {
                if (obj == null || !obj.hasOwnProperty(args[i]) ) 
                {
                    return false;
                }
                obj = obj[args[i]];
            }
            return true;
    }

您可以使用递归函数来实现这一点。即使您不知道所有嵌套的对象键名称,也可以使用此方法。

function FetchKeys(obj) {
    let objKeys = [];
    let keyValues = Object.entries(obj);
    for (let i in keyValues) {
        objKeys.push(keyValues[i][0]);
        if (typeof keyValues[i][1] == "object") {
            var keys = FetchKeys(keyValues[i][1])
            objKeys = objKeys.concat(keys);
        }
    }
    return objKeys;
}

let test = { level1: { level2: { level3: "level3" } } };
let keyToCheck = "level2";
let keys = FetchKeys(test); //Will return an array of Keys

if (keys.indexOf(keyToCheck) != -1) {
    //Key Exists logic;
}
else {
    //Key Not Found logic;
}

我自动化了流程

if(isset(object,["prop1","prop2"])){
// YES!

}

function isset(object, props){
    var dump;
    try {
        for(var x in props){
            if(x == 0) {
                dump = object[props[x]];
                return;
            }
            dump = dump[props[x]];
        }
    } catch(e) {
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

这个功能怎么样?它不需要单独列出每个嵌套属性,而是保持“dot”语法(尽管是字符串),使其更具可读性。如果未找到属性,则返回undefined或指定的默认值,如果找到,则返回属性的值。

val(obj, element, default_value)
    // Recursively checks whether a property of an object exists. Supports multiple-level nested properties separated with '.' characters.
    // obj = the object to test
    // element = (string or array) the name of the element to test for.  To test for a multi-level nested property, separate properties with '.' characters or pass as array)
    // default_value = optional default value to return if the item is not found. Returns undefined if no default_value is specified.
    // Returns the element if it exists, or undefined or optional default_value if not found.
    // Examples: val(obj1, 'prop1.subprop1.subsubprop2');
    // val(obj2, 'p.r.o.p', 'default_value');
    {

        // If no element is being requested, return obj. (ends recursion - exists)
        if (!element || element.length == 0) { return obj; }

        // if the element isn't an object, then it can't have properties. (ends recursion - does not exist)
        if (typeof obj != 'object') { return default_value; }

        // Convert element to array.
        if (typeof element == 'string') { element = element.split('.') };   // Split on dot (.)

        // Recurse into the list of nested properties:
        let first = element.shift();
        return val(obj[first], element, default_value);

    }