您可以使用一个集合，它是唯一元素的无序集合，以保持“其他列的顺序不变”：

other_columns = list(set(df.columns).difference(["mean"])) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]

然后，可以通过以下方式使用lambda将特定列移动到前面：

In [1]: import numpy as np                                                                               

In [2]: import pandas as pd                                                                              

In [3]: df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(10, 5))                                                         

In [4]: df["mean"] = df.mean(1)                                                                          

In [5]: move_col_to_front = lambda df, col: df[[col]+list(set(df.columns).difference([col]))]            

In [6]: move_col_to_front(df, "mean")                                                                    
Out[6]: 
       mean         0         1         2         3         4
0  0.697253  0.600377  0.464852  0.938360  0.945293  0.537384
1  0.609213  0.703387  0.096176  0.971407  0.955666  0.319429
2  0.561261  0.791842  0.302573  0.662365  0.728368  0.321158
3  0.518720  0.710443  0.504060  0.663423  0.208756  0.506916
4  0.616316  0.665932  0.794385  0.163000  0.664265  0.793995
5  0.519757  0.585462  0.653995  0.338893  0.714782  0.305654
6  0.532584  0.434472  0.283501  0.633156  0.317520  0.994271
7  0.640571  0.732680  0.187151  0.937983  0.921097  0.423945
8  0.562447  0.790987  0.200080  0.317812  0.641340  0.862018
9  0.563092  0.811533  0.662709  0.396048  0.596528  0.348642

In [7]: move_col_to_front(df, 2)                                                                         
Out[7]: 
          2         0         1         3         4      mean
0  0.938360  0.600377  0.464852  0.945293  0.537384  0.697253
1  0.971407  0.703387  0.096176  0.955666  0.319429  0.609213
2  0.662365  0.791842  0.302573  0.728368  0.321158  0.561261
3  0.663423  0.710443  0.504060  0.208756  0.506916  0.518720
4  0.163000  0.665932  0.794385  0.664265  0.793995  0.616316
5  0.338893  0.585462  0.653995  0.714782  0.305654  0.519757
6  0.633156  0.434472  0.283501  0.317520  0.994271  0.532584
7  0.937983  0.732680  0.187151  0.921097  0.423945  0.640571
8  0.317812  0.790987  0.200080  0.641340  0.862018  0.562447
9  0.396048  0.811533  0.662709  0.596528  0.348642  0.563092

仅仅是翻转往往会有帮助。

df[df.columns[::-1]]

或者只是洗牌看看。

import random
cols = list(df.columns)
random.shuffle(cols)
df[cols]

我有一个在panda中重新排序列名的非常具体的用例。有时我在基于现有列的数据帧中创建一个新列。默认情况下，panda将在末尾插入我的新列，但我希望新列插入到它派生的现有列旁边。

def rearrange_list(input_list, input_item_to_move, input_item_insert_here):
    '''
    Helper function to re-arrange the order of items in a list.
    Useful for moving column in pandas dataframe.

    Inputs:
        input_list - list
        input_item_to_move - item in list to move
        input_item_insert_here - item in list, insert before 

    returns:
        output_list
    '''
    # make copy for output, make sure it's a list
    output_list = list(input_list)

    # index of item to move
    idx_move = output_list.index(input_item_to_move)

    # pop off the item to move
    itm_move = output_list.pop(idx_move)

    # index of item to insert here
    idx_insert = output_list.index(input_item_insert_here)

    # insert item to move into here
    output_list.insert(idx_insert, itm_move)

    return output_list


import pandas as pd

# step 1: create sample dataframe
df = pd.DataFrame({
    'motorcycle': ['motorcycle1', 'motorcycle2', 'motorcycle3'],
    'initial_odometer': [101, 500, 322],
    'final_odometer': [201, 515, 463],
    'other_col_1': ['blah', 'blah', 'blah'],
    'other_col_2': ['blah', 'blah', 'blah']
})
print('Step 1: create sample dataframe')
display(df)
print()

# step 2: add new column that is difference between final and initial
df['change_odometer'] = df['final_odometer']-df['initial_odometer']
print('Step 2: add new column')
display(df)
print()

# step 3: rearrange columns
ls_cols = df.columns
ls_cols = rearrange_list(ls_cols, 'change_odometer', 'final_odometer')
df=df[ls_cols]
print('Step 3: rearrange columns')
display(df)

DataFrame.sort_index（axis=1）非常干净。请在此处检查文档。然后凹入

简单地说，

df = df[['mean'] + df.columns[:-1].tolist()]

对我来说，一个非常简单的解决方案是在df.columns上使用.rendex：

df = df[df.columns.reindex(['mean', 0, 1, 2, 3, 4])[0]]