#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
string f( __FILE__ );
f = string( (find(f.rbegin(), f.rend(), '/')+1).base() + 1, f.end() );

// searches for the '/' from the back, transfers the reverse iterator 
// into a forward iterator and constructs a new sting with both

纯粹的编译时解决方案。它基于这样一个事实:字符串字面量的sizeof()返回其长度+1。

#define STRIPPATH(s)\
    (sizeof(s) > 2 && (s)[sizeof(s)-2] == '/' ? (s) + sizeof(s) - 1 : \
    sizeof(s) > 3 && (s)[sizeof(s)-3] == '/' ? (s) + sizeof(s) - 2 : \
    sizeof(s) > 4 && (s)[sizeof(s)-4] == '/' ? (s) + sizeof(s) - 3 : \
    sizeof(s) > 5 && (s)[sizeof(s)-5] == '/' ? (s) + sizeof(s) - 4 : \
    sizeof(s) > 6 && (s)[sizeof(s)-6] == '/' ? (s) + sizeof(s) - 5 : \
    sizeof(s) > 7 && (s)[sizeof(s)-7] == '/' ? (s) + sizeof(s) - 6 : \
    sizeof(s) > 8 && (s)[sizeof(s)-8] == '/' ? (s) + sizeof(s) - 7 : \
    sizeof(s) > 9 && (s)[sizeof(s)-9] == '/' ? (s) + sizeof(s) - 8 : \
    sizeof(s) > 10 && (s)[sizeof(s)-10] == '/' ? (s) + sizeof(s) - 9 : \
    sizeof(s) > 11 && (s)[sizeof(s)-11] == '/' ? (s) + sizeof(s) - 10 : (s))

#define __JUSTFILE__ STRIPPATH(__FILE__)

请随意将条件操作符级联扩展到项目中最大的合理文件名。路径长度并不重要，只要检查距离字符串的末尾足够远。

我将看看我是否可以得到一个类似的宏，没有硬编码的长度与宏递归…

我多年来一直使用@Patrick的答案。

当完整路径包含符号链接时，它有一个小问题。

更好的解决方案。

set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-builtin-macro-redefined -D'__FILE__=\"$(subst $(realpath ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR})/,,$(abspath $<))\"'")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wno-builtin-macro-redefined -D'__FILE__=\"$(subst $(realpath ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR})/,,$(abspath $<))\"'")

为什么要用这个?

-Wno-builtin-macro-redefined to mute the compiler warnings for redefining __FILE__ macro. For those compilers do not support this, refer to the Robust way below. Strip the project path from the file path is your real requirement. You won't like to waste the time to find out where is a header.h file, src/foo/header.h or src/bar/header.h. We should strip the __FILE__ macro in cmake config file. This macro is used in most exists codes. Simply redefine it can set you free. Compilers like gcc predefines this macro from the command line arguments. And the full path is written in makefiles generated by cmake. Hard code in CMAKE_*_FLAGS is required. There is some commands to add compiler options or definitions in some more recently version, like add_definitions() and add_compile_definitions(). These commands will parse the make functions like subst before apply to source files. That is not we want.

重新定义- wno -内置宏的健壮方法。

include(CheckCCompilerFlag)
check_c_compiler_flag(-Wno-builtin-macro-redefined SUPPORT_C_WNO_BUILTIN_MACRO_REDEFINED)
if (SUPPORT_C_WNO_BUILTIN_MACRO_REDEFINED)
    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-builtin-macro-redefined")
endif (SUPPORT_C_WNO_BUILTIN_MACRO_REDEFINED)
include(CheckCXXCompilerFlag)
check_cxx_compiler_flag(-Wno-builtin-macro-redefined SUPPORT_CXX_WNO_BUILTIN_MACRO_REDEFINED)
if (SUPPORT_CXX_WNO_BUILTIN_MACRO_REDEFINED)
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wno-builtin-macro-redefined")
endif (SUPPORT_CXX_WNO_BUILTIN_MACRO_REDEFINED)

记住从集合(*_FLAGS…-D__FILE__ =…)。

上面的答案不够好，因为它不是一个编译时const表达式 这里有一个非常简单的解决方案:

 #define FILESTEM(x)                                                        \
  std::string_view(x).substr(std::string_view(x).rfind(OS_PATH_SLASH) + 1, \
                             std::string_view(x).rfind('.') -              \
                                 std::string_view(x).rfind(OS_PATH_SLASH) - 1)

它是一个constexpr，可以在头文件中使用。

下面是一个解决方案，适用于没有字符串库的环境(Linux内核，嵌入式系统等):

#define FILENAME ({ \
    const char* filename_start = __FILE__; \
    const char* filename = filename_start; \
    while(*filename != '\0') \
        filename++; \
    while((filename != filename_start) && (*(filename - 1) != '/')) \
        filename--; \
    filename; })

现在只需使用FILENAME而不是__FILENAME__。是的，它仍然是一个运行时的东西，但它是有效的。

在MSVC中，将FILENAME宏作为FILENAME=%(FILENAME)%(扩展名)添加到c++项目的预处理器定义中。恐怕这完全是一个编译器杀手。它在某种程度上打破了并行构建。