下面是一个适用于Linux(路径'/')和Windows('\'和'/'混合)的可移植函数。使用gcc, clang和vs编译。

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

const char* GetFileName(const char *path)
{
    const char *name = NULL, *tmp = NULL;
    if (path && *path) {
        name = strrchr(path, '/');
        tmp = strrchr(path, '\\');
        if (tmp) {
             return name && name > tmp ? name + 1 : tmp + 1;
        }
    }
    return name ? name + 1 : path;
}

int main() {
    const char *name = NULL, *path = NULL;

    path = __FILE__;
    name = GetFileName(path);
    printf("path: %s, filename: %s\n", path, name);

    path ="/tmp/device.log";
    name = GetFileName(path);
    printf("path: %s, filename: %s\n", path, name);

    path = "C:\\Downloads\\crisis.avi";
    name = GetFileName(path);
    printf("path: %s, filename: %s\n", path, name);

    path = "C:\\Downloads/nda.pdf";
    name = GetFileName(path);
    printf("path: %s, filename: %s\n", path, name);

    path = "C:/Downloads\\word.doc";
    name = GetFileName(path);
    printf("path: %s, filename: %s\n", path, name);

    path = NULL;
    name = GetFileName(NULL);
    printf("path: %s, filename: %s\n", path, name);

    path = "";
    name = GetFileName("");
    printf("path: %s, filename: %s\n", path, name);

    return 0;
}

标准输出:

path: test.c, filename: test.c
path: /tmp/device.log, filename: device.log
path: C:\Downloads\crisis.avi, filename: crisis.avi
path: C:\Downloads/nda.pdf, filename: nda.pdf
path: C:/Downloads\word.doc, filename: word.doc
path: (null), filename: (null)
path: , filename: 

如果您正在使用cmake，这里有一个提示。来自: http://public.kitware.com/pipermail/cmake/2013-January/053117.html

我在复制提示，所以都在这一页上:

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -D__FILENAME__='\"$(subst
  ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/,,$(abspath $<))\"'")

如果您正在使用GNU make，我认为没有理由不能将其扩展到您自己的make文件。例如，你可能有这样的一行:

CXX_FLAGS+=-D__FILENAME__='\"$(subst $(SOURCE_PREFIX)/,,$(abspath $<))\"'"

其中$(SOURCE_PREFIX)是要删除的前缀。

然后使用__FILENAME__代替__FILE__。

I think this is better than using strrchr function. strfnchr will search last delemeter '/' and get filename from __FILE__ and you can use __FILE__NAME__ instead __FILE__ for get file name without full file path. strrchr solution searching filename twice per use. but this code is just 1 time search. And it works effectively even if there is no seperater '/' in __FILE__. You can use it by replacing it with \ as needed. The source code of strfnchr was improved by using the source code of strrchr below. I think it will work more effectively than strrchr. https://code.woboq.org/userspace/glibc/string/strrchr.c.html

inline const char* strfnchr(const char* s, int c) {
  const char* found = s;
  while (*(s++)) {
    if (*s == c)
      found = s;
  }
  if (found != s)
    return found + 1;
  return s;
}

#define __FILE_NAME__ strfnchr(__FILE__, '/')

如果你使用CMAKE和GNU编译器，这个全局定义工作正常:

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -D__MY_FILE__='\"$(notdir $(abspath $<))\"'")

GCC 8现在有-fmacro prefix-map和- file-prefix-map选项:

-fmacro-prefix-map = =新老 当预处理位于旧目录下的文件时，展开__FILE__和__BASE_FILE__宏，就好像文件位于新目录下一样。这可用于将绝对路径更改为相对路径。对于new，这可以导致更可重复的构建，这些构建是独立于位置的。该选项还会在编译期间影响__builtin_FILE()。参见- file-prefix-map。

-ffile-prefix-map = =新老 当编译位于旧目录中的文件时，记录所有引用 对他们来说，编译的结果就好像文件就在里面一样 改为新建目录。指定此选项相当于 指定所有单独的-f*-prefix-map选项。可以使用这个 制作独立于位置的可重复构建。另请参阅 -fmacro prefix-map和-fdebug-prefix-map。

为- file-prefix-map (-fdebug-prefix-map)设置无效路径将中断调试，除非你告诉调试器如何映射回去。(gdb: set replace -path, vscode: "sourceFileMap")。

如果你的意图只是清理__FILE__，只需使用-fmacro prefix-map。

例子: 所以对于我的Jenkins构建，我将添加- file-prefix-map=${WORKSPACE}/=/，并删除本地开发包安装前缀。

不幸的是- file-prefix-map和-fmacro prefix-map选项仅在GCC 8以后可用。例如，对于GCC 5，我们只有-fdebug-prefix-map，它不影响__FILE__。

Try

#include <string.h>

#define __FILENAME__ (strrchr(__FILE__, '/') ? strrchr(__FILE__, '/') + 1 : __FILE__)

对于Windows，使用“\\”而不是“/”。