如果你使用CMAKE和GNU编译器，这个全局定义工作正常:

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -D__MY_FILE__='\"$(notdir $(abspath $<))\"'")

对@red1ynx提议的轻微变化将创建以下宏:

#define SET_THIS_FILE_NAME() \
    static const char* const THIS_FILE_NAME = \
        strrchr(__FILE__, '/') ? strrchr(__FILE__, '/') + 1 : __FILE__;

在每一个。c(pp)文件中添加:

SET_THIS_FILE_NAME();

然后你可以引用THIS_FILE_NAME而不是__FILE__:

printf("%s\n", THIS_FILE_NAME);

这意味着每个.c(pp)文件执行一次构造，而不是每次引用宏时都执行。

它仅限于从.c(pp)文件中使用，不能从头文件中使用。

上面的答案不够好，因为它不是一个编译时const表达式 这里有一个非常简单的解决方案:

 #define FILESTEM(x)                                                        \
  std::string_view(x).substr(std::string_view(x).rfind(OS_PATH_SLASH) + 1, \
                             std::string_view(x).rfind('.') -              \
                                 std::string_view(x).rfind(OS_PATH_SLASH) - 1)

它是一个constexpr，可以在头文件中使用。

下面是一个解决方案，适用于没有字符串库的环境(Linux内核，嵌入式系统等):

#define FILENAME ({ \
    const char* filename_start = __FILE__; \
    const char* filename = filename_start; \
    while(*filename != '\0') \
        filename++; \
    while((filename != filename_start) && (*(filename - 1) != '/')) \
        filename--; \
    filename; })

现在只需使用FILENAME而不是__FILENAME__。是的，它仍然是一个运行时的东西，但它是有效的。

编译时没有办法做到这一点。显然，您可以在运行时使用C运行时实现它，正如其他一些答案所演示的那样，但是在编译时，当预处理器启动时，您就不走运了。

我多年来一直使用@Patrick的答案。

当完整路径包含符号链接时，它有一个小问题。

更好的解决方案。

set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-builtin-macro-redefined -D'__FILE__=\"$(subst $(realpath ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR})/,,$(abspath $<))\"'")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wno-builtin-macro-redefined -D'__FILE__=\"$(subst $(realpath ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR})/,,$(abspath $<))\"'")

为什么要用这个?

-Wno-builtin-macro-redefined to mute the compiler warnings for redefining __FILE__ macro. For those compilers do not support this, refer to the Robust way below. Strip the project path from the file path is your real requirement. You won't like to waste the time to find out where is a header.h file, src/foo/header.h or src/bar/header.h. We should strip the __FILE__ macro in cmake config file. This macro is used in most exists codes. Simply redefine it can set you free. Compilers like gcc predefines this macro from the command line arguments. And the full path is written in makefiles generated by cmake. Hard code in CMAKE_*_FLAGS is required. There is some commands to add compiler options or definitions in some more recently version, like add_definitions() and add_compile_definitions(). These commands will parse the make functions like subst before apply to source files. That is not we want.

重新定义- wno -内置宏的健壮方法。

include(CheckCCompilerFlag)
check_c_compiler_flag(-Wno-builtin-macro-redefined SUPPORT_C_WNO_BUILTIN_MACRO_REDEFINED)
if (SUPPORT_C_WNO_BUILTIN_MACRO_REDEFINED)
    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-builtin-macro-redefined")
endif (SUPPORT_C_WNO_BUILTIN_MACRO_REDEFINED)
include(CheckCXXCompilerFlag)
check_cxx_compiler_flag(-Wno-builtin-macro-redefined SUPPORT_CXX_WNO_BUILTIN_MACRO_REDEFINED)
if (SUPPORT_CXX_WNO_BUILTIN_MACRO_REDEFINED)
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wno-builtin-macro-redefined")
endif (SUPPORT_CXX_WNO_BUILTIN_MACRO_REDEFINED)

记住从集合(*_FLAGS…-D__FILE__ =…)。