这是一个银行家四舍五入的例子，又名“四舍五入半偶数”。BigDecimal支持。它的目的是确保四舍五入平衡，即不偏袒银行或客户。

我用Javascript写了一个函数，它接受一个百分比数组，并使用最大余数方法输出一个四舍五入的百分比数组。它不使用任何库。

输入:[21.6,46.7,31,0.5,0.2]

输出:[22,47,31,0,0]

const values = [21.6, 46.7, 31, 0.5, 0.2]; console.log(roundPercentages(values)); function roundPercentages(values) { const flooredValues = values.map(e => Math.floor(e)); const remainders = values.map(e => e - Math.floor(e)); const totalRemainder = 100 - flooredValues.reduce((a, b) => a + b); // Deep copy because order of remainders is important [...remainders] // Sort from highest to lowest remainder .sort((a, b) => b - a) // Get the n largest remainder values, where n = totalRemainder .slice(0, totalRemainder) // Add 1 to the floored percentages with the highest remainder (divide the total remainder) .forEach(e => flooredValues[remainders.indexOf(e)] += 1); return flooredValues; }

我写了一个c#版本的舍入帮助器，算法和Varun Vohra的答案一样，希望对你有帮助。

public static List<decimal> GetPerfectRounding(List<decimal> original,
    decimal forceSum, int decimals)
{
    var rounded = original.Select(x => Math.Round(x, decimals)).ToList();
    Debug.Assert(Math.Round(forceSum, decimals) == forceSum);
    var delta = forceSum - rounded.Sum();
    if (delta == 0) return rounded;
    var deltaUnit = Convert.ToDecimal(Math.Pow(0.1, decimals)) * Math.Sign(delta);

    List<int> applyDeltaSequence; 
    if (delta < 0)
    {
        applyDeltaSequence = original
            .Zip(Enumerable.Range(0, int.MaxValue), (x, index) => new { x, index })
            .OrderBy(a => original[a.index] - rounded[a.index])
            .ThenByDescending(a => a.index)
            .Select(a => a.index).ToList();
    }
    else
    {
        applyDeltaSequence = original
            .Zip(Enumerable.Range(0, int.MaxValue), (x, index) => new { x, index })
            .OrderByDescending(a => original[a.index] - rounded[a.index])
            .Select(a => a.index).ToList();
    }

    Enumerable.Repeat(applyDeltaSequence, int.MaxValue)
        .SelectMany(x => x)
        .Take(Convert.ToInt32(delta/deltaUnit))
        .ForEach(index => rounded[index] += deltaUnit);

    return rounded;
}

通过以下单元测试:

[TestMethod]
public void TestPerfectRounding()
{
    CollectionAssert.AreEqual(Utils.GetPerfectRounding(
        new List<decimal> {3.333m, 3.334m, 3.333m}, 10, 2),
        new List<decimal> {3.33m, 3.34m, 3.33m});

    CollectionAssert.AreEqual(Utils.GetPerfectRounding(
        new List<decimal> {3.33m, 3.34m, 3.33m}, 10, 1),
        new List<decimal> {3.3m, 3.4m, 3.3m});

    CollectionAssert.AreEqual(Utils.GetPerfectRounding(
        new List<decimal> {3.333m, 3.334m, 3.333m}, 10, 1),
        new List<decimal> {3.3m, 3.4m, 3.3m});


    CollectionAssert.AreEqual(Utils.GetPerfectRounding(
        new List<decimal> { 13.626332m, 47.989636m, 9.596008m, 28.788024m }, 100, 0),
        new List<decimal> {14, 48, 9, 29});
    CollectionAssert.AreEqual(Utils.GetPerfectRounding(
        new List<decimal> { 16.666m, 16.666m, 16.666m, 16.666m, 16.666m, 16.666m }, 100, 0),
        new List<decimal> { 17, 17, 17, 17, 16, 16 });
    CollectionAssert.AreEqual(Utils.GetPerfectRounding(
        new List<decimal> { 33.333m, 33.333m, 33.333m }, 100, 0),
        new List<decimal> { 34, 33, 33 });
    CollectionAssert.AreEqual(Utils.GetPerfectRounding(
        new List<decimal> { 33.3m, 33.3m, 33.3m, 0.1m }, 100, 0),
        new List<decimal> { 34, 33, 33, 0 });
}

下面是@varun-vohra答案的一个简单的Python实现:

def apportion_pcts(pcts, total):
    proportions = [total * (pct / 100) for pct in pcts]
    apportions = [math.floor(p) for p in proportions]
    remainder = total - sum(apportions)
    remainders = [(i, p - math.floor(p)) for (i, p) in enumerate(proportions)]
    remainders.sort(key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)
    for (i, _) in itertools.cycle(remainders):
        if remainder == 0:
            break
        else:
            apportions[i] += 1
            remainder -= 1
    return apportions

你需要math, itertools, operator。

我的JS实现由Varun Vohra投票的答案

const set1 = [13.626332, 47.989636, 9.596008, 28.788024];
// const set2 = [24.25, 23.25, 27.25, 25.25];

const values = set1;

console.log('Total: ', values.reduce((accum, each) => accum + each));
console.log('Incorrectly Rounded: ', 
  values.reduce((accum, each) => accum + Math.round(each), 0));

const adjustValues = (values) => {
  // 1. Separate integer and decimal part
  // 2. Store both in a new array of objects sorted by decimal part descending
  // 3. Add in original position to "put back" at the end
  const flooredAndSortedByDecimal = values.map((value, position) => (
    {
        floored: Math.floor(value),
        decimal: value - Number.parseInt(value),
        position
    }
  )).sort(({decimal}, {decimal: otherDecimal}) => otherDecimal - decimal);

  const roundedTotal = values.reduce((total, value) => total + Math.floor(value), 0);
  let availableForDistribution = 100 - roundedTotal;

  // Add 1 to each value from what's available
  const adjustedValues = flooredAndSortedByDecimal.map(value => {
    const { floored, ...rest } = value;
    let finalPercentage = floored;
    if(availableForDistribution > 0){
        finalPercentage = floored + 1;
        availableForDistribution--;
    }

    return {
        finalPercentage,
        ...rest
    }
  });

  // Put back and return the new values
  return adjustedValues
    .sort(({position}, {position: otherPosition}) => position - otherPosition)
    .map(({finalPercentage}) => finalPercentage);
}

const finalPercentages = adjustValues(values);
console.log({finalPercentages})

// { finalPercentage: [14, 48, 9, 29]}

可能做到这一点的“最佳”方法(引用是因为“最佳”是一个主观术语)是保持你所处位置的连续(非积分)计数，并四舍五入该值。

然后将其与历史记录一起使用，以确定应该使用什么值。例如，使用您给出的值:

Value      CumulValue  CumulRounded  PrevBaseline  Need
---------  ----------  ------------  ------------  ----
                                  0
13.626332   13.626332            14             0    14 ( 14 -  0)
47.989636   61.615968            62            14    48 ( 62 - 14)
 9.596008   71.211976            71            62     9 ( 71 - 62)
28.788024  100.000000           100            71    29 (100 - 71)
                                                    ---
                                                    100

在每个阶段，都不需要四舍五入数字本身。相反，将累积值四舍五入，并计算出从上一个基线中达到该值的最佳整数——该基线是前一行的累积值(四舍五入)。

这是可行的，因为您不会在每个阶段都丢失信息，而是更聪明地使用信息。“正确的”四舍五入值在最后一列，你可以看到它们的和是100。

在上面的第三个值中，您可以看到这与盲目舍入每个值之间的区别。虽然9.596008通常会四舍五入到10，但累积的71.211976正确地四舍五入到71 -这意味着只需要9就可以加上之前的基线62。

这也适用于“有问题的”序列，比如三个大约1/3的值，其中一个应该四舍五入:

Value      CumulValue  CumulRounded  PrevBaseline  Need
---------  ----------  ------------  ------------  ----
                                  0
33.333333   33.333333            33             0    33 ( 33 -  0)
33.333333   66.666666            67            33    34 ( 67 - 33)
33.333333   99.999999           100            67    33 (100 - 67)
                                                    ---
                                                    100