下面的post: sql:每组选择前N条记录描述了在没有子查询的情况下实现这一目标的复杂方法。

它改进了这里提供的其他解决方案:

在单个查询中执行所有操作 能够正确地利用索引 避免子查询，众所周知，在MySQL中会产生糟糕的执行计划

然而，它并不漂亮。如果在MySQL中启用窗口函数(又名分析函数)，就可以实现一个很好的解决方案——但它们没有。 文章中使用的技巧利用了GROUP_CONCAT，它有时被描述为“穷人的MySQL窗口函数”。

对我来说

SUBSTRING_INDEX(group_concat(col_name order by desired_col_order_name), ',', N) 

完美的工作。没有复杂的查询。

例如:每组取top 1

SELECT 
    *
FROM
    yourtable
WHERE
    id IN (SELECT 
            SUBSTRING_INDEX(GROUP_CONCAT(id
                            ORDER BY rate DESC),
                        ',',
                        1) id
        FROM
            yourtable
        GROUP BY year)
ORDER BY rate DESC;

构建虚拟列(如Oracle中的RowID)

表:

CREATE TABLE `stack` 
(`year` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`id` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`rate` float DEFAULT NULL) 
ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4

数据:

insert into stack values(2006,'p01',8);
insert into stack values(2001,'p01',5.9);
insert into stack values(2007,'p01',5.3);
insert into stack values(2009,'p01',4.4);
insert into stack values(2001,'p02',12.5);
insert into stack values(2004,'p02',12.4);
insert into stack values(2005,'p01',2.1);
insert into stack values(2000,'p01',0.8);
insert into stack values(2002,'p02',12.2);
insert into stack values(2002,'p01',3.9);
insert into stack values(2004,'p01',3.5);
insert into stack values(2003,'p02',10.3);
insert into stack values(2000,'p02',8.7);
insert into stack values(2006,'p02',4.6);
insert into stack values(2007,'p02',3.3);
insert into stack values(2003,'p01',7.4);
insert into stack values(2008,'p01',6.8);

SQL是这样的:

select t3.year,t3.id,t3.rate 
from (select t1.*, (select count(*) from stack t2 where t1.rate<=t2.rate and t1.id=t2.id) as rownum from stack t1) t3 
where rownum <=3 order by id,rate DESC;

如果删除t3中的where子句，则如下所示:

GET "TOP N Record"——>在where子句(t3的where子句)中添加rownum <=3;

选择“年份”——>在where子句中增加BETWEEN 2000 AND 2009 (t3的where子句);

SELECT year, id, rate
FROM (SELECT
  year, id, rate, row_number() over (partition by id order by rate DESC)
  FROM h
  WHERE year BETWEEN 2000 AND 2009
  AND id IN (SELECT rid FROM table2)
  GROUP BY id, year
  ORDER BY id, rate DESC) as subquery
WHERE row_number <= 5

子查询与您的查询几乎相同。只有改变是增加

row_number() over (partition by id order by rate DESC)

请尝试下面的存储过程。我已经核实了。我得到正确的结果，但没有使用groupby。

CREATE DEFINER=`ks_root`@`%` PROCEDURE `first_five_record_per_id`()
BEGIN
DECLARE query_string text;
DECLARE datasource1 varchar(24);
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;
DECLARE tenants varchar(50);
DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR SELECT rid FROM demo1;
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1;

    SET @query_string='';

      OPEN cur1;
      read_loop: LOOP

      FETCH cur1 INTO tenants ;

      IF done THEN
        LEAVE read_loop;
      END IF;

      SET @datasource1 = tenants;
      SET @query_string = concat(@query_string,'(select * from demo  where `id` = ''',@datasource1,''' order by rate desc LIMIT 5) UNION ALL ');

       END LOOP; 
      close cur1;

    SET @query_string  = TRIM(TRAILING 'UNION ALL' FROM TRIM(@query_string));  
  select @query_string;
PREPARE stmt FROM @query_string;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;

END

我刚刚为MYSQL创建了一个top操作。代码很简单。

drop table if exists h;
create table h(id varchar(5), year int, rate numeric(8,2), primary key(id,year));
insert into h(year, id, rate) values
(2006,'p01',8),
(2003,'p01',7.4),
(2008,'p01',6.8),
(2001,'p01',5.9),
(2007,'p01',5.3),
(2009,'p01',4.4),
(2002,'p01',3.9),
(2004,'p01',3.5),
(2005,'p01',2.1),
(2000,'p01',0.8),
(2001,'p02',12.5),
(2004,'p02',12.4),
(2002,'p02',12.2),
(2003,'p02',10.3),
(2000,'p02',8.7),
(2006,'p02',4.6),
(2007,'p02',3.3);

select id, year, rate
from 
(
    select id, year, rate, @last, if(@last=id,@top:=@top+1, @top:=0) as ztop, @last:=id update_last
    from h
    order by id, rate desc, year desc
) t2
where ztop<5