函数式GUI编程可行吗?

我最近发现了FP错误(试图学习Haskell)，到目前为止，我对我所看到的(一流函数、惰性求值和所有其他好东西)印象深刻。我还不是专家，但我已经开始发现对基本算法进行“功能性”推理比命令式推理更容易(而且我很难回到我必须回到的地方)。

The one area where current FP seems to fall flat, however, is GUI programming. The Haskell approach seems to be to just wrap imperative GUI toolkits (such as GTK+ or wxWidgets) and to use "do" blocks to simulate an imperative style. I haven't used F#, but my understanding is that it does something similar using OOP with .NET classes. Obviously, there's a good reason for this--current GUI programming is all about IO and side effects, so purely functional programming isn't possible with most current frameworks.

My question is, is it possible to have a functional approach to GUI programming? I'm having trouble imagining what this would look like in practice. Does anyone know of any frameworks, experimental or otherwise, that try this sort of thing (or even any frameworks that are designed from the ground up for a functional language)? Or is the solution to just use a hybrid approach, with OOP for the GUI parts and FP for the logic? (I'm just asking out of curiosity--I'd love to think that FP is "the future," but GUI programming seems like a pretty large hole to fill.)

当前回答

函数式响应式编程背后的一个开放思想是让事件处理函数同时产生对事件的反应和下一个事件处理函数。因此，一个进化的系统被表示为事件处理函数的序列。

对我来说，学习Yampa成为正确理解函数生成函数的关键。有一些关于扬帕的不错的论文。我推荐The Yampa Arcade:

http://www.cs.nott.ac.uk/~nhn/Talks/HW2003-YampaArcade.pdf(幻灯片，PDF) http://www.cs.nott.ac.uk/~nhn/Publications/hw2003.pdf(全文，PDF)

在Haskell.org上有一个关于Yampa的维基页面

http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Yampa

原Yampa首页:

http://www.haskell.org/yampa(不幸的是目前坏了)

2011-01-25 12:55:54

其他回答

你可以看看Don Syme在f#上的系列，他演示了如何创建一个gui。下面的链接指向本系列的第三部分(您可以从那里链接到其他两部分)。

使用f#进行WPF开发将是一个非常有趣的GUI范例……

http://channel9.msdn.com/shows/Going+Deep/C9-Lectures-Dr-Don-Syme-Introduction-to-F-3-of-3/

2010-04-20 06:05:08

所有这些其他答案都建立在函数式编程的基础上，但它们自己做出了很多设计决策。一个基本上完全由函数和简单抽象数据类型构建的库是gloss。下面是它的play函数的源类型

-- | Play a game in a window. Like `simulate`, but you manage your own input events.
play    :: Display              -- ^ Display mode.
        -> Color                -- ^ Background color.
        -> Int                  -- ^ Number of simulation steps to take for each second of real time.
        -> world                -- ^ The initial world.
        -> (world -> Picture)   -- ^ A function to convert the world a picture.
        -> (Event -> world -> world)    
                -- ^ A function to handle input events.
        -> (Float -> world -> world)
                -- ^ A function to step the world one iteration.
                --   It is passed the period of time (in seconds) needing to be advanced.
        -> IO ()

正如您所看到的，它完全通过提供具有简单抽象类型的纯函数来工作，其他库可以帮助您。

2015-04-01 01:05:55

为了解决这个问题，我发布了一些我在使用f#时的想法，

http://fadsworld.wordpress.com/2011/04/13/f-in-the-enterprise-i/ http://fadsworld.wordpress.com/2011/04/17/fin-the-enterprise-ii-2/

我还计划做一个视频教程来完成这个系列，并展示f#如何在UX编程中做出贡献。

这里我只是在f#上下文中讨论。

法赫德

2011-04-28 16:46:06

对我来说，学习Yampa成为正确理解函数生成函数的关键。有一些关于扬帕的不错的论文。我推荐The Yampa Arcade:

http://www.cs.nott.ac.uk/~nhn/Talks/HW2003-YampaArcade.pdf(幻灯片，PDF) http://www.cs.nott.ac.uk/~nhn/Publications/hw2003.pdf(全文，PDF)

在Haskell.org上有一个关于Yampa的维基页面

http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Yampa