在与同事讨论了c# 3中var关键字的使用后，我想知道人们对通过var适当使用类型推断的看法是什么?
例如，我很懒地在有问题的情况下使用var，例如:-
foreach(var item in someList) { // ... } // Type of 'item' not clear.
var something = someObject.SomeProperty; // Type of 'something' not clear.
var something = someMethod(); // Type of 'something' not clear.
var更合法的用法如下:-
var l = new List<string>(); // Obvious what l will be.
var s = new SomeClass(); // Obvious what s will be.
有趣的是，LINQ似乎是一个灰色区域，例如:-
var results = from r in dataContext.SomeTable
select r; // Not *entirely clear* what results will be here.
结果很明显，因为它将是一个实现IEnumerable的类型，但它并不完全明显，与var声明一个新对象的方式相同。
当涉及到对象的LINQ时，情况就更糟了，例如:-
var results = from item in someList
where item != 3
select item;
这并不比等价的foreach(var item in someList){//…}相当于。
这里有一个关于类型安全的真正问题——例如，如果我们将该查询的结果放在一个接受IEnumerable<int>和IEnumerable<double>的重载方法中，调用者可能会无意中传入错误的类型。
Var确实保持强类型，但问题是，在定义中不立即显示类型是否危险，当重载意味着当你无意中将错误的类型传递给方法时，编译器可能不会发出错误，这种情况会被放大。
将它用于匿名类型—这就是它存在的目的。其他的都是徒劳无功。像许多使用C长大的人一样，我习惯于查看类型声明的左侧。除非迫不得已，我是不会看右边的。在任何旧的声明中使用var都让我一直这样做，我个人觉得不舒服。
Those saying 'it doesn't matter, use what you're happy with' are not seeing the whole picture. Everyone will pick up other people's code at one point or another and have to deal with whatever decisions they made at the time they wrote it. It's bad enough having to deal with radically different naming conventions, or - the classic gripe - bracing styles, without adding the whole 'var or not' thing into the mix. The worst case will be where one programmer didn't use var and then along comes a maintainer who loves it, and extends the code using it. So now you have an unholy mess.
标准是一件好事，因为它们意味着你更有可能捡起随机代码，并能够快速地理解它。不同的东西越多，就越难。而转移到“无处不在的var”风格会有很大的不同。
I don't mind dynamic typing, and I don't mind implict typing - in languages that are designed for them. I quite like Python. But C# was designed as a statically explicitly-typed language and that's how it should stay. Breaking the rules for anonymous types was bad enough; letting people take that still further and break the idioms of the language even more is something I'm not happy with. Now that the genie is out of the bottle, it'll never go back in. C# will become balkanised into camps. Not good.
在IEnumerable<int>和IEnumerable<double>之间的比较中，你不需要担心-如果你传递了错误的类型，你的代码无论如何都不会编译。
不需要考虑类型安全，因为var不是动态的。这只是编译器的魔法，任何类型不安全的调用都会被捕获。
Linq绝对需要Var:
var anonEnumeration =
from post in AllPosts()
where post.Date > oldDate
let author = GetAuthor( post.AuthorId )
select new {
PostName = post.Name,
post.Date,
AuthorName = author.Name
};
现在看看智能感知中的anonEnumeration，它会显示类似IEnumerable<'a>
foreach( var item in anonEnumeration )
{
//VS knows the type
item.PostName; //you'll get intellisense here
//you still have type safety
item.ItemId; //will throw a compiler exception
}
c#编译器非常聪明——单独生成的anon类型如果它们的属性匹配，将具有相同的生成类型。
除此之外，只要你有智能感知，在上下文清楚的地方使用var是有意义的。
//less typing, this is good
var myList = new List<UnreasonablyLongClassName>();
//also good - I can't be mistaken on type
var anotherList = GetAllOfSomeItem();
//but not here - probably best to leave single value types declared
var decimalNum = 123.456m;
您可以让编译器(以及接下来维护代码的人员)从初始化式赋值的右边推断类型。如果这种推断是可能的，编译器可以这样做，从而节省了您的一些输入。
如果这个推断对那个可怜的家伙来说很容易，那么你没有伤害到任何东西。如果推断很难，那么作为一般规则，您已经使代码更难维护
我不会这么做的。
Lastly, if you intended the type to be something particular, and your initializer expression actually has a different type, using var means it will be harder for you to find the induced bug. By explicitly telling the compiler what you intend the type to be, when the type isn't that, you would get an immediate diagnostic. By sluffing on the type declaration and using "var", you won't get an error on the initialization; instead, you'll get a type error in some expression that uses the identifier assigned by the var expression, and it will be harder to understand why.
寓意是，要谨慎使用var;您通常不会给您自己或您的下游维护人员带来很多好处。并希望他的理由是一样的，这样你就不会因为他认为使用var很容易而猜测他的意图。在编写一个具有较长生命周期的系统时，优化输入量是一个错误。
