只是为了给这里列出的众多解决方案添加另一个解决方案，使用C++/ATL自动化（我想您可以使用类似于VB/C#？？的东西）

Excel::_ApplicationPtr pXL = ...
  :
SendMessage ( ( HWND ) m_pXL->GetHwnd ( ), WM_DESTROY, 0, 0 ) ;

这对我来说很有魅力。。。

这对我正在进行的一个项目起到了作用：

excelApp.Quit();
Marshal.ReleaseComObject (excelWB);
Marshal.ReleaseComObject (excelApp);
excelApp = null;

我们了解到，在使用Excel COM对象时，将其每个引用都设置为空非常重要。这包括单元格、工作表和所有内容。

Excel并非设计为通过C++或C#编程。COM API专门设计用于Visual Basic、VB.NET和VBA。

此外，此页上的所有代码示例都不是最佳的，原因很简单，即每个调用都必须跨越托管/非托管边界，并且还忽略了这样一个事实，即Excel COM API可以自由地使任何调用失败，并带有一个神秘的HRESULT，表示RPC服务器正忙。

我认为自动化Excel的最佳方法是将数据收集到尽可能大的数组中，并将其发送到VBA函数或子函数（通过Application.Run），然后执行任何所需的处理。此外，在调用Application.Run时，请确保注意excel正忙的异常，然后重试调用Application.Run。

为了说明Excel不关闭的原因，即使在读取和创建时为每个对象创建直接引用，也需要使用“For”循环。

For Each objWorkBook As WorkBook in objWorkBooks 'local ref, created from ExcelApp.WorkBooks to avoid the double-dot
   objWorkBook.Close 'or whatever
   FinalReleaseComObject(objWorkBook)
   objWorkBook = Nothing
Next 

'The above does not work, and this is the workaround:

For intCounter As Integer = 1 To mobjExcel_WorkBooks.Count
   Dim objTempWorkBook As Workbook = mobjExcel_WorkBooks.Item(intCounter)
   objTempWorkBook.Saved = True
   objTempWorkBook.Close(False, Type.Missing, Type.Missing)
   FinalReleaseComObject(objTempWorkBook)
   objTempWorkBook = Nothing
Next

接受的答案对我不起作用。析构函数中的以下代码起了作用。

if (xlApp != null)
{
    xlApp.Workbooks.Close();
    xlApp.Quit();
}

System.Diagnostics.Process[] processArray = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessesByName("EXCEL");
foreach (System.Diagnostics.Process process in processArray)
{
    if (process.MainWindowTitle.Length == 0) { process.Kill(); }
}

我找到了一个有用的通用模板，它可以帮助实现COM对象的正确处置模式，这些对象在超出范围时需要调用Marshal.ReleaseComObject：

用法：

using (AutoReleaseComObject<Application> excelApplicationWrapper = new AutoReleaseComObject<Application>(new Application()))
{
    try
    {
        using (AutoReleaseComObject<Workbook> workbookWrapper = new AutoReleaseComObject<Workbook>(excelApplicationWrapper.ComObject.Workbooks.Open(namedRangeBase.FullName, false, false, missing, missing, missing, true, missing, missing, true, missing, missing, missing, missing, missing)))
        {
           // do something with your workbook....
        }
    }
    finally
    {
         excelApplicationWrapper.ComObject.Quit();
    } 
}

模板：

public class AutoReleaseComObject<T> : IDisposable
{
    private T m_comObject;
    private bool m_armed = true;
    private bool m_disposed = false;

    public AutoReleaseComObject(T comObject)
    {
        Debug.Assert(comObject != null);
        m_comObject = comObject;
    }

#if DEBUG
    ~AutoReleaseComObject()
    {
        // We should have been disposed using Dispose().
        Debug.WriteLine("Finalize being called, should have been disposed");

        if (this.ComObject != null)
        {
            Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("ComObject was not null:{0}, name:{1}.", this.ComObject, this.ComObjectName));
        }

        //Debug.Assert(false);
    }
#endif

    public T ComObject
    {
        get
        {
            Debug.Assert(!m_disposed);
            return m_comObject;
        }
    }

    private string ComObjectName
    {
        get
        {
            if(this.ComObject is Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook)
            {
                return ((Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook)this.ComObject).Name;
            }

            return null;
        }
    }

    public void Disarm()
    {
        Debug.Assert(!m_disposed);
        m_armed = false;
    }

    #region IDisposable Members

    public void Dispose()
    {
        Dispose(true);
#if DEBUG
        GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
#endif
    }

    #endregion

    protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
    {
        if (!m_disposed)
        {
            if (m_armed)
            {
                int refcnt = 0;
                do
                {
                    refcnt = System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(m_comObject);
                } while (refcnt > 0);

                m_comObject = default(T);
            }

            m_disposed = true;
        }
    }
}

参考：

http://www.deez.info/sengelha/2005/02/11/useful-idisposable-class-3-autoreleasecomobject/