让我们把你的优秀和最喜欢的扩展方法列一个列表。

要求是必须发布完整的代码,以及如何使用它的示例和解释。

基于对这个主题的高度兴趣,我在Codeplex上建立了一个名为extensionoverflow的开源项目。

请将您的回答标记为接受,以便将代码放入Codeplex项目。

请张贴完整的源代码,而不是一个链接。

Codeplex上新闻:

24.08.2010 Codeplex页面现在在这里:http://extensionoverflow.codeplex.com/

11.11.2008 XmlSerialize / XmlDeserialize现在是实现和单元测试。

11.11.2008仍有发展空间。;-)现在就加入!

11.11.2008第三位贡献者加入了ExtensionOverflow,欢迎加入BKristensen

11.11.2008 FormatWith现在是实现和单元测试。

09.11.2008第二个贡献者加入ExtensionOverflow。欢迎来到chakrit。

我们需要更多的开发人员。: -)

09.11.2008 ThrowIfArgumentIsNull现已在Codeplex上实现和单元测试。


当前回答

我已经实现了一个扩展方法包(在http://foop.codeplex.com/上可用),其中一些是我日常使用的:

// the most beloved extension method for me is Pipe:
<%= variable.Pipe(x => this.SomeFunction(x)).Pipe(y =>
{
    ...;
    return this.SomeOtherFunction(y);
}) %>

var d = 28.December(2009); // some extension methods for creating DateTime
DateTime justDatePart = d.JustDate();
TimeSpan justTimePart = d.JustTime();
var nextTime = d.Add(5.Hours());

using(StreamReader reader = new StreamReader("lines-of-data-file-for-example")) {
    ...
    // for reading streams line by line and usable in LINQ
    var query = from line in reader.Lines(); 
                where line.Contains(_today)
                select new { Parts = PartsOf(line), Time = _now };
}

500.Sleep();

XmlSerialize and XmlDeserialize

IsNull and IsNotNull

IfTrue, IfFalse and Iff:
true.IfTrue(() => Console.WriteLine("it is true then!");

IfNull and IfNotNull

其他回答

我相信以前有人这样做过,但我发现自己经常使用这种方法(和更简单的导数):

public static bool CompareEx(this string strA, string strB, CultureInfo culture, bool ignoreCase)
{
    return string.Compare(strA, strB, ignoreCase, culture) == 0;
}

您可以以多种方式编写它,但我喜欢它,因为它非常快速地统一了比较字符串的方法,同时节省了代码行数(或代码字符)。

没有检查整个线程,所以它可能已经在这里,但是:

public static class FluentOrderingExtensions
    public class FluentOrderer<T> : IEnumerable<T>
    {
        internal List<Comparison<T>> Comparers = new List<Comparison<T>>();

        internal IEnumerable<T> Source;

        public FluentOrderer(IEnumerable<T> source)
        {
            Source = source;
        }

        #region Implementation of IEnumerable

        public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
        {
            var workingArray = Source.ToArray();
            Array.Sort(workingArray, IterativeComparison);

            foreach(var element in workingArray) yield return element;
        }

        private int IterativeComparison(T a, T b)
        {
            foreach (var comparer in Comparers)
            {
                var result = comparer(a,b);
                if(result != 0) return result;
            }
            return 0;
        }

        IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
        {
            return GetEnumerator();
        }

        #endregion
    }

    public static FluentOrderer<T> OrderFluentlyBy<T,TResult>(this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T,TResult> predicate) 
        where TResult : IComparable<TResult>
    {
        var result = new FluentOrderer<T>(source);
        result.Comparers.Add((a,b)=>predicate(a).CompareTo(predicate(b)));
        return result;
    }

    public static FluentOrderer<T> OrderFluentlyByDescending<T,TResult>(this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T,TResult> predicate) 
        where TResult : IComparable<TResult>
    {
        var result = new FluentOrderer<T>(source);
        result.Comparers.Add((a,b)=>predicate(a).CompareTo(predicate(b)) * -1);
        return result;
    }

    public static FluentOrderer<T> ThenBy<T, TResult>(this FluentOrderer<T> source, Func<T, TResult> predicate)
        where TResult : IComparable<TResult>
    {
        source.Comparers.Add((a, b) => predicate(a).CompareTo(predicate(b)));
        return source;
    }

    public static FluentOrderer<T> ThenByDescending<T, TResult>(this FluentOrderer<T> source, Func<T, TResult> predicate)
        where TResult : IComparable<TResult>
    {
        source.Comparers.Add((a, b) => predicate(a).CompareTo(predicate(b)) * -1);
        return source;
    }
}

用法:

var myFluentlyOrderedList = GetABunchOfComplexObjects()
    .OrderFluentlyBy(x=>x.PropertyA)
    .ThenByDescending(x=>x.PropertyB)
    .ThenBy(x=>x.SomeMethod())
    .ThenBy(x=>SomeOtherMethodAppliedTo(x))
    .ToList();

... 当然,假设所有的谓词都返回与自身icomcomparable的类型。如果使用像MergeSort这样的稳定排序,而不是。net内置的快速排序,它会更好地工作,但它提供了类似于SQL的可读多字段排序能力(无论如何,它是方法链所能获得的最接近的功能)。您可以通过定义重载来接受比较lambda,而不是基于谓词创建它,从而扩展它以容纳非IComparable的成员。

EDIT: A little explanation, since the commenter got some upticks: this set of methods improves upon the basic OrderBy() functionality by allowing you to sort based on multiple fields in descending order of importance. A real-world example would be sorting a list of invoices by customer, then by invoice number (or invoice date). Other methods of getting the data in this order either wouldn't work (OrderBy() uses an unstable sort, so it cannot be chained) or would be inefficient and not look like it does what you're trying to do.

您可能已经知道扩展方法的一个有趣用法是作为一种mixin。一些扩展方法,比如XmlSerializable,几乎污染了所有类;这对大多数人来说没有意义,比如Thread和SqlConnection。

一些功能应该显式地混合到希望拥有它的类中。我对这种类型提出了一种新的表示法,以M为前缀。

XmlSerializable是这样的:

public interface MXmlSerializable { }
public static class XmlSerializable {
  public static string ToXml(this MXmlSerializable self) {
    if (self == null) throw new ArgumentNullException();
    var serializer = new XmlSerializer(self.GetType());
    using (var writer = new StringWriter()) {
      serializer.Serialize(writer, self);
      return writer.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
    }
  }
  public static T FromXml<T>(string xml) where T : MXmlSerializable {
    var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
    return (T)serializer.Deserialize(new StringReader(xml));
  }
}

然后一个类将其混合:

public class Customer : MXmlSerializable {
  public string Name { get; set; }
  public bool Preferred { get; set; }
}

用法很简单:

var customer = new Customer { 
  Name = "Guybrush Threepwood", 
  Preferred = true };
var xml = customer.ToXml();

如果您喜欢这个想法,您可以在项目中为有用的mixin创建一个新的名称空间。你怎么看?

哦,顺便说一下,我认为大多数扩展方法都应该显式地测试null。

将List转换为数据表

public static class DataTableConverter
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Convert a List{T} to a DataTable.
    /// </summary>
    public static DataTable ToDataTable<T>(this IList<T> items)
    {
        var tb = new DataTable(typeof(T).Name);

        PropertyInfo[] props = typeof(T).GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);

        foreach (PropertyInfo prop in props)
        {
            Type t = GetCoreType(prop.PropertyType);
            tb.Columns.Add(prop.Name, t);
        }

        foreach (T item in items)
        {
            var values = new object[props.Length];

            for (int i = 0; i < props.Length; i++)
            {
                values[i] = props[i].GetValue(item, null);
            }

            tb.Rows.Add(values);
        }

        return tb;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Determine of specified type is nullable
    /// </summary>
    public static bool IsNullable(Type t)
    {
        return !t.IsValueType || (t.IsGenericType && t.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(Nullable<>));
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Return underlying type if type is Nullable otherwise return the type
    /// </summary>
    public static Type GetCoreType(Type t)
    {
        if (t != null && IsNullable(t))
        {
            if (!t.IsValueType)
            {
                return t;
            }
            else
            {
                return Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(t);
            }
        }
        else
        {
            return t;
        }
    }
}

用法:

    IList<MyClass> myClassList = new List<MyClass>();
    DataTable myClassDataTable = myClassList.ToDataTable();

而与MVC工作,有很多if语句,我只关心或真或假,打印null,或字符串。在另一种情况下,我想到了:

public static TResult WhenTrue<TResult>(this Boolean value, Func<TResult> expression)
{
    return value ? expression() : default(TResult);
}

public static TResult WhenTrue<TResult>(this Boolean value, TResult content)
{
    return value ? content : default(TResult);
}

public static TResult WhenFalse<TResult>(this Boolean value, Func<TResult> expression)
{
    return !value ? expression() : default(TResult);
}

public static TResult WhenFalse<TResult>(this Boolean value, TResult content)
{
    return !value ? content : default(TResult);
}

它允许我改变<%= (someBool) ?print y:字符串。将%>空为<%= someBool。WhenTrue("print y") %>。

我只在我的视图中使用它,在这里我混合了代码和HTML,在代码文件中编写“更长的”版本更清楚。