输出一个空行:

echo.

SHIFT

这是一种在命令行上迭代传递到脚本(或子例程)的可变数量的参数的方法。在最简单的用法中，它将%2转换为%1，将%3转换为%2，依此类推。(你也可以传递一个参数给SHIFT来跳过多个参数。)这使得命令具有“破坏性”(即%1永远消失)，但它允许您避免硬编码支持的参数的最大数量。

下面是一个简短的例子，一次处理一个命令行参数:

:ParseArgs

if "%1"=="" (
    goto :DoneParsingArgs
)

rem ... do something with %1 ...

shift

goto :ParseArgs


:DoneParsingArgs

rem ...

删除周围的报价。

for /f "useback tokens=*" %%a in ('%str%') do set str=%%~a

我最近必须写一个批处理文件，由VS预构建事件调用，我想在项目目录中作为参数传递。在批处理文件中，我需要将路径与嵌套子文件夹名称连接起来，但首先需要删除周围的引号。

抽取随机的文本行

@echo off

:: Get time (alas, it's only HH:MM xM

for /f %%a in ('time /t') do set zD1=%%a



:: Get last digit of MM

set zD2=%zD1:~4,1%



:: Seed the randomizer, if needed

if not defined zNUM1 set /a zNUM1=%zD2%


:: Get a kinda random number

set /a zNUM1=zNUM1 * 214013 + 2531011

set /a zNUM2=zNUM1 ^>^> 16 ^& 0x7fff


:: Pull off the first digit

:: (Last digit would be better, but it's late, and I'm tired)

set zIDX=%zNUM2:~0,1%


:: Map it down to 0-3

set /a zIDX=zIDX/3


:: Finally, we can set do some proper initialization

set /a zIIDX=0

set zLO=

set zLL=""


:: Step through each line in the file, looking for line zIDX

for /f "delims=@" %%a in (c:\lines.txt) do call :zoo  %zIDX%  %%a


:: If line zIDX wasn't found, we'll settle for zee LastLine

if "%zLO%"=="" set zLO=%zLL%

goto awdun


:: See if the current line is line zIDX

:zoo


:: Save string of all parms

set zALL=%*


:: Strip off the first parm (sure hope lines aren't longer than 254 chars)

set zWORDS=%zALL:~2,255%


:: Make this line zee LastLine

set zLL=%zWORDS%


:: If this is the line we're looking for, make it zee LineOut

if {%1}=={%zIIDX%} set zLO=%zWORDS%


:: Keep track of line numbers

set /a zIIDX=%zIIDX% + 1

goto :eof




:awdun

echo ==%zLO%==


:: Be socially responsible

set zALL=

set zD1=

set zD2=

set zIDX=

set zIIDX=

set zLL=

set zLO=

:: But don't mess with seed

::set zNUM1=

set zNUM2=

set zWORDS=

就像上面一样，使用CALL, EXIT /B, SETLOCAL和ENDLOCAL，你可以用局部变量和返回值来实现函数。

例子:

@echo off

set x=xxxxx
call :fun 10
echo "%x%"
echo "%y%"
exit /b

:fun
setlocal
set /a y=%1 + 1
endlocal & set x=%y%
exit /b

这将打印:

"11"
""

y变量永远不会离开局部作用域，但由于CMD一次解析一行的方式，您可以将值提取到父作用域的x变量中。

There is also the EDLIN command. While it may be an old bastard tool once used for line-based text editing, the fact that it's controllable from the command line makes it rather useful for batch scripting, mostly because, just like any other case you'd be using EDLIN, it's the only tool available. After all, EDLIN is not a tool you would ordinarily want to use for text editing, unless you are somewhat masochistic. To quote Tim Patterson (the fellow who wrote it): "I was aghast when I heard that IBM was using it and not throwing it out the window."

注意:EDLIN将老式的EOF (1A)标记添加到它编辑的文件中。如果需要删除它们，可能必须使用DEBUG。