我有一个类，它看起来像这样:
public class Field
{
public string FieldName;
public string FieldType;
}
和一个对象列表<字段>值:
{"EmployeeID","int"},
{"EmployeeName","String"},
{"Designation","String"}
我想创建一个类，看起来像这样:
Class DynamicClass
{
int EmployeeID,
String EmployeeName,
String Designation
}
有什么办法可以做到吗?
我希望它在运行时生成。我不希望在文件系统中驻留一个物理CS文件。
当前回答
您还可以使用DynamicObject动态创建类。
public class DynamicClass : DynamicObject
{
private Dictionary<string, KeyValuePair<Type, object>> _fields;
public DynamicClass(List<Field> fields)
{
_fields = new Dictionary<string, KeyValuePair<Type, object>>();
fields.ForEach(x => _fields.Add(x.FieldName,
new KeyValuePair<Type, object>(x.FieldType, null)));
}
public override bool TrySetMember(SetMemberBinder binder, object value)
{
if (_fields.ContainsKey(binder.Name))
{
var type = _fields[binder.Name].Key;
if (value.GetType() == type)
{
_fields[binder.Name] = new KeyValuePair<Type, object>(type, value);
return true;
}
else throw new Exception("Value " + value + " is not of type " + type.Name);
}
return false;
}
public override bool TryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder, out object result)
{
result = _fields[binder.Name].Value;
return true;
}
}
我将所有类字段连同它们的类型和值一起存储在字典_fields中。这两种方法都可以获取或设置一些属性的值。必须使用dynamic关键字创建该类的实例。
使用你的例子:
var fields = new List<Field>() {
new Field("EmployeeID", typeof(int)),
new Field("EmployeeName", typeof(string)),
new Field("Designation", typeof(string))
};
dynamic obj = new DynamicClass(fields);
//set
obj.EmployeeID = 123456;
obj.EmployeeName = "John";
obj.Designation = "Tech Lead";
obj.Age = 25; //Exception: DynamicClass does not contain a definition for 'Age'
obj.EmployeeName = 666; //Exception: Value 666 is not of type String
//get
Console.WriteLine(obj.EmployeeID); //123456
Console.WriteLine(obj.EmployeeName); //John
Console.WriteLine(obj.Designation); //Tech Lead
编辑:下面是我的类Field的外观:
public class Field
{
public Field(string name, Type type)
{
this.FieldName = name;
this.FieldType = type;
}
public string FieldName;
public Type FieldType;
}
其他回答
这需要一些工作，但肯定不是不可能的。
我所做的是:
在字符串中创建c#源代码(不需要写入文件)， 通过Microsoft.CSharp.CSharpCodeProvider (CompileAssemblyFromSource)运行它 查找生成的类型 并创建该类型的实例(Activator.CreateInstance)
这样您就可以处理已经知道的c#代码，而不必发出MSIL。
但是，如果你的类实现了一些接口(或从一些基类派生)，这是最好的工作，否则调用代码(阅读:编译器)如何知道将在运行时生成的类?
您可以考虑使用动态模块和类来完成这项工作。唯一的缺点是它仍然加载在应用程序域中。但是。net 4.0支持可收集的动态程序集，因此你可以动态地重新创建类/类型。
正如Hans所建议的，您可以使用Roslyn动态创建类。
完整的资料来源:
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
namespace RoslynDemo1
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var fields = new List<Field>()
{
new Field("EmployeeID","int"),
new Field("EmployeeName","String"),
new Field("Designation","String")
};
var employeeClass = CreateClass(fields, "Employee");
dynamic employee1 = Activator.CreateInstance(employeeClass);
employee1.EmployeeID = 4213;
employee1.EmployeeName = "Wendy Tailor";
employee1.Designation = "Engineering Manager";
dynamic employee2 = Activator.CreateInstance(employeeClass);
employee2.EmployeeID = 3510;
employee2.EmployeeName = "John Gibson";
employee2.Designation = "Software Engineer";
Console.WriteLine($"{employee1.EmployeeName}");
Console.WriteLine($"{employee2.EmployeeName}");
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue...");
Console.ReadKey();
}
public static Type CreateClass(List<Field> fields, string newClassName, string newNamespace = "Magic")
{
var fieldsCode = fields
.Select(field => $"public {field.FieldType} {field.FieldName};")
.ToString(Environment.NewLine);
var classCode = $@"
using System;
namespace {newNamespace}
{{
public class {newClassName}
{{
public {newClassName}()
{{
}}
{fieldsCode}
}}
}}
".Trim();
classCode = FormatUsingRoslyn(classCode);
var assemblies = new[]
{
MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(typeof(object).Assembly.Location),
};
/*
var assemblies = AppDomain
.CurrentDomain
.GetAssemblies()
.Where(a => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(a.Location))
.Select(a => MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(a.Location))
.ToArray();
*/
var syntaxTree = CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(classCode);
var compilation = CSharpCompilation
.Create(newNamespace)
.AddSyntaxTrees(syntaxTree)
.AddReferences(assemblies)
.WithOptions(new CSharpCompilationOptions(OutputKind.DynamicallyLinkedLibrary));
using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
{
var result = compilation.Emit(ms);
//compilation.Emit($"C:\\Temp\\{newNamespace}.dll");
if (result.Success)
{
ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
Assembly assembly = Assembly.Load(ms.ToArray());
var newTypeFullName = $"{newNamespace}.{newClassName}";
var type = assembly.GetType(newTypeFullName);
return type;
}
else
{
IEnumerable<Diagnostic> failures = result.Diagnostics.Where(diagnostic =>
diagnostic.IsWarningAsError ||
diagnostic.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error);
foreach (Diagnostic diagnostic in failures)
{
Console.Error.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", diagnostic.Id, diagnostic.GetMessage());
}
return null;
}
}
}
public static string FormatUsingRoslyn(string csCode)
{
var tree = CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(csCode);
var root = tree.GetRoot().NormalizeWhitespace();
var result = root.ToFullString();
return result;
}
}
public class Field
{
public string FieldName;
public string FieldType;
public Field(string fieldName, string fieldType)
{
FieldName = fieldName;
FieldType = fieldType;
}
}
public static class Extensions
{
public static string ToString(this IEnumerable<string> list, string separator)
{
string result = string.Join(separator, list);
return result;
}
}
}
您还可以使用DynamicObject动态创建类。
public class DynamicClass : DynamicObject
{
private Dictionary<string, KeyValuePair<Type, object>> _fields;
public DynamicClass(List<Field> fields)
{
_fields = new Dictionary<string, KeyValuePair<Type, object>>();
fields.ForEach(x => _fields.Add(x.FieldName,
new KeyValuePair<Type, object>(x.FieldType, null)));
}
public override bool TrySetMember(SetMemberBinder binder, object value)
{
if (_fields.ContainsKey(binder.Name))
{
var type = _fields[binder.Name].Key;
if (value.GetType() == type)
{
_fields[binder.Name] = new KeyValuePair<Type, object>(type, value);
return true;
}
else throw new Exception("Value " + value + " is not of type " + type.Name);
}
return false;
}
public override bool TryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder, out object result)
{
result = _fields[binder.Name].Value;
return true;
}
}
我将所有类字段连同它们的类型和值一起存储在字典_fields中。这两种方法都可以获取或设置一些属性的值。必须使用dynamic关键字创建该类的实例。
使用你的例子:
var fields = new List<Field>() {
new Field("EmployeeID", typeof(int)),
new Field("EmployeeName", typeof(string)),
new Field("Designation", typeof(string))
};
dynamic obj = new DynamicClass(fields);
//set
obj.EmployeeID = 123456;
obj.EmployeeName = "John";
obj.Designation = "Tech Lead";
obj.Age = 25; //Exception: DynamicClass does not contain a definition for 'Age'
obj.EmployeeName = 666; //Exception: Value 666 is not of type String
//get
Console.WriteLine(obj.EmployeeID); //123456
Console.WriteLine(obj.EmployeeName); //John
Console.WriteLine(obj.Designation); //Tech Lead
编辑:下面是我的类Field的外观:
public class Field
{
public Field(string name, Type type)
{
this.FieldName = name;
this.FieldType = type;
}
public string FieldName;
public Type FieldType;
}
你可以使用system . runtime . remoting . agents . realproxy。它将允许您使用“正常”代码，而不是低级程序集类型的东西。
请参阅RealProxy对这个问题的回答，以获得一个好例子:
我如何拦截一个方法调用在c# ?
