我有一个对象x。我想将其复制为对象y,这样对y的更改不会修改x。我意识到复制从内置JavaScript对象派生的对象会导致额外的、不需要的财产。这不是问题,因为我正在复制我自己的一个文字构造对象。

如何正确克隆JavaScript对象?


当前回答

在一行代码中克隆Javascript对象的优雅方法

Object.assign方法是ECMAScript 2015(ES6)标准的一部分,它完全符合您的需要。

var clone = Object.assign({}, obj);

assign()方法用于将所有可枚举自身财产的值从一个或多个源对象复制到目标对象。

阅读更多。。。

支持旧浏览器的polyfill:

if (!Object.assign) {
  Object.defineProperty(Object, 'assign', {
    enumerable: false,
    configurable: true,
    writable: true,
    value: function(target) {
      'use strict';
      if (target === undefined || target === null) {
        throw new TypeError('Cannot convert first argument to object');
      }

      var to = Object(target);
      for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
        var nextSource = arguments[i];
        if (nextSource === undefined || nextSource === null) {
          continue;
        }
        nextSource = Object(nextSource);

        var keysArray = Object.keys(nextSource);
        for (var nextIndex = 0, len = keysArray.length; nextIndex < len; nextIndex++) {
          var nextKey = keysArray[nextIndex];
          var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(nextSource, nextKey);
          if (desc !== undefined && desc.enumerable) {
            to[nextKey] = nextSource[nextKey];
          }
        }
      }
      return to;
    }
  });
}

其他回答

克隆对象的简单递归方法。也可以使用lodash.clone。

让克隆=(obj)=>{let obj2=Array.isArray(obj)?[] : {};for(设k为obj){obj2[k]=(obj[k]===“对象”的类型)?克隆(obj[k]):obj[k];}返回obj2;}让w={name:“Apple”,类型:[“Fuji”,“Gala”]};设x=克隆(w);w.name=“橙色”;w.types=[“Navel”];console.log(x);console.log(w);

根据Apple JavaScript编码指南:

// Create an inner object with a variable x whose default
// value is 3.
function innerObj()
{
        this.x = 3;
}
innerObj.prototype.clone = function() {
    var temp = new innerObj();
    for (myvar in this) {
        // this object does not contain any objects, so
        // use the lightweight copy code.
        temp[myvar] = this[myvar];
    }
    return temp;
}

// Create an outer object with a variable y whose default
// value is 77.
function outerObj()
{
        // The outer object contains an inner object.  Allocate it here.
        this.inner = new innerObj();
        this.y = 77;
}
outerObj.prototype.clone = function() {
    var temp = new outerObj();
    for (myvar in this) {
        if (this[myvar].clone) {
            // This variable contains an object with a
            // clone operator.  Call it to create a copy.
            temp[myvar] = this[myvar].clone();
        } else {
            // This variable contains a scalar value,
            // a string value, or an object with no
            // clone function.  Assign it directly.
            temp[myvar] = this[myvar];
        }
    }
    return temp;
}

// Allocate an outer object and assign non-default values to variables in
// both the outer and inner objects.
outer = new outerObj;
outer.inner.x = 4;
outer.y = 16;

// Clone the outer object (which, in turn, clones the inner object).
newouter = outer.clone();

// Verify that both values were copied.
alert('inner x is '+newouter.inner.x); // prints 4
alert('y is '+newouter.y); // prints 16

史蒂夫

这里许多同行针对深度克隆提出的解决方案JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(orig_obj)有几个问题,我发现这些问题如下:

它在复制原始对象中未定义值的条目时丢弃这些条目,如果有一些值,如Infinity、NaN等,它们将在复制时转换为null,如果原始对象中存在Date类型,则它将在克隆对象中字符串化(typeof Date_entry-->string)。

找到了一种克隆对象的有效方法,它在各种场景中都很适合我。请看一看下面的代码,因为它已经解决了JSON.parse(…)的所有上述缺陷,但最终实现了正确的深度克隆:

var orig_obj = {
  string: 'my_str',
  number: 123,
  bool: false,
  nul: null,
  nested : {
    value : true
  },
  nan : NaN,
  date: new Date(), 
  undef: undefined,
  inf: Infinity,
}
console.log("original_obj before modification: ", orig_obj, "\n");
console.log(typeof orig_obj.date, "\n");

var clone_obj = Object.assign({}, orig_obj);

//this below loop will help in deep cloning and solving above issues
for(let prop in orig_obj) {
    if(typeof orig_obj[prop] === "object") {
        if(orig_obj[prop] instanceof Date)
            clone_obj[prop] = orig_obj[prop];
        else {
            clone_obj[prop] = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(orig_obj[prop]));
        }
    }
}

console.log("cloned_obj before modification: ", orig_obj, "\n");

clone_obj.bool = true;
clone_obj.nested.value = "false";

console.log("original_obj post modification: ", orig_obj, "\n");
console.log("cloned_obj post modification: ", clone_obj, "\n");
console.log(typeof clone_obj.date);

如果对象中没有循环依赖关系,我建议使用其他答案之一或jQuery的复制方法,因为它们看起来都很有效。

如果存在循环依赖关系(即,两个子对象彼此链接),那么你就有点糟糕了,因为(从理论角度)没有办法优雅地解决这个问题。

在ES-6中,您可以简单地使用Object.assign(…)。前任:

let obj = {person: 'Thor Odinson'};
let clone = Object.assign({}, obj);

这里有一个很好的参考:https://googlechrome.github.io/samples/object-assign-es6/