使用来自Perl的Schwartzian变换，

py = [{'name':'Homer', 'age':39}, {'name':'Bart', 'age':10}]

do

sort_on = "name"
decorated = [(dict_[sort_on], dict_) for dict_ in py]
decorated.sort()
result = [dict_ for (key, dict_) in decorated]

给予

>>> result
[{'age': 10, 'name': 'Bart'}, {'age': 39, 'name': 'Homer'}]

有关Perl Schwartzian转换的更多信息：

在计算机科学中，施瓦茨变换是一种Perl编程用于提高项目列表排序效率的习惯用法。这当排序为实际上基于元素，其中计算该属性是一项密集的操作应执行最少次数。施瓦茨学派Transform的显著之处在于它不使用命名的临时数组。

sorted（）函数接受key=参数

newlist = sorted(list_to_be_sorted, key=lambda d: d['name']) 

或者，您可以使用operator.itemgetter而不是自己定义函数

from operator import itemgetter
newlist = sorted(list_to_be_sorted, key=itemgetter('name')) 

为完整起见，添加reverse=True以降序排序

newlist = sorted(list_to_be_sorted, key=itemgetter('name'), reverse=True)

使用Pandas包是另一种方法，尽管其大规模运行时比其他人提出的更传统的方法慢得多：

import pandas as pd

listOfDicts = [{'name':'Homer', 'age':39}, {'name':'Bart', 'age':10}]
df = pd.DataFrame(listOfDicts)
df = df.sort_values('name')
sorted_listOfDicts = df.T.to_dict().values()

下面是一个小列表和一个大（100k+）的字典列表的一些基准值：

setup_large = "listOfDicts = [];\
[listOfDicts.extend(({'name':'Homer', 'age':39}, {'name':'Bart', 'age':10})) for _ in range(50000)];\
from operator import itemgetter;import pandas as pd;\
df = pd.DataFrame(listOfDicts);"

setup_small = "listOfDicts = [];\
listOfDicts.extend(({'name':'Homer', 'age':39}, {'name':'Bart', 'age':10}));\
from operator import itemgetter;import pandas as pd;\
df = pd.DataFrame(listOfDicts);"

method1 = "newlist = sorted(listOfDicts, key=lambda k: k['name'])"
method2 = "newlist = sorted(listOfDicts, key=itemgetter('name')) "
method3 = "df = df.sort_values('name');\
sorted_listOfDicts = df.T.to_dict().values()"

import timeit
t = timeit.Timer(method1, setup_small)
print('Small Method LC: ' + str(t.timeit(100)))
t = timeit.Timer(method2, setup_small)
print('Small Method LC2: ' + str(t.timeit(100)))
t = timeit.Timer(method3, setup_small)
print('Small Method Pandas: ' + str(t.timeit(100)))

t = timeit.Timer(method1, setup_large)
print('Large Method LC: ' + str(t.timeit(100)))
t = timeit.Timer(method2, setup_large)
print('Large Method LC2: ' + str(t.timeit(100)))
t = timeit.Timer(method3, setup_large)
print('Large Method Pandas: ' + str(t.timeit(1)))

#Small Method LC: 0.000163078308105
#Small Method LC2: 0.000134944915771
#Small Method Pandas: 0.0712950229645
#Large Method LC: 0.0321750640869
#Large Method LC2: 0.0206089019775
#Large Method Pandas: 5.81405615807

您可以使用以下选项：

lst = [{'name': 'Homer', 'age': 39}, {'name': 'Bart', 'age': 10}]
sorted_lst = sorted(lst, key=lambda x: x['age']) # change this to sort by a different field
print(sorted_lst)

您必须实现自己的比较函数，该函数将通过名称键的值来比较字典。参见PythonInfo Wiki中的排序迷你如何

有时我们需要使用lower（）进行不区分大小写的排序。例如

lists = [{'name':'Homer', 'age':39},
  {'name':'Bart', 'age':10},
  {'name':'abby', 'age':9}]

lists = sorted(lists, key=lambda k: k['name'])
print(lists)
# Bart, Homer, abby
# [{'name':'Bart', 'age':10}, {'name':'Homer', 'age':39}, {'name':'abby', 'age':9}]

lists = sorted(lists, key=lambda k: k['name'].lower())
print(lists)
# abby, Bart, Homer
# [ {'name':'abby', 'age':9}, {'name':'Bart', 'age':10}, {'name':'Homer', 'age':39}]