在一个使用AJAX调用的web应用程序中，我需要提交一个请求，但在URL的末尾添加一个参数，例如:
原始URL:
http://server/myapp.php?id=10
导致的网址:
http://server/myapp.php?id=10&enabled=true
寻找一个JavaScript函数，该函数解析URL并查看每个参数，然后添加新参数或更新已经存在的值。
当前回答
它处理这样的URL:
空 没有任何参数 已经有一些参数 有什么?在最后，但同时没有任何参数
它不处理这样的URL:
带有片段标识符(即散列，#) 如果URL已经有必要的查询参数(那么将会有重复)
适用于:
Chrome 32 + 火狐26 + 野生动物园7.1 +
function appendQueryParameter(url, name, value) {
if (url.length === 0) {
return;
}
let rawURL = url;
// URL with `?` at the end and without query parameters
// leads to incorrect result.
if (rawURL.charAt(rawURL.length - 1) === "?") {
rawURL = rawURL.slice(0, rawURL.length - 1);
}
const parsedURL = new URL(rawURL);
let parameters = parsedURL.search;
parameters += (parameters.length === 0) ? "?" : "&";
parameters = (parameters + name + "=" + value);
return (parsedURL.origin + parsedURL.pathname + parameters);
}
使用ES6模板字符串的版本。
适用于:
Chrome 41 + 火狐32 + 野生动物园9.1 +
function appendQueryParameter(url, name, value) {
if (url.length === 0) {
return;
}
let rawURL = url;
// URL with `?` at the end and without query parameters
// leads to incorrect result.
if (rawURL.charAt(rawURL.length - 1) === "?") {
rawURL = rawURL.slice(0, rawURL.length - 1);
}
const parsedURL = new URL(rawURL);
let parameters = parsedURL.search;
parameters += (parameters.length === 0) ? "?" : "&";
parameters = `${parameters}${name}=${value}`;
return `${parsedURL.origin}${parsedURL.pathname}${parameters}`;
}
其他回答
以下几点:
合并重复的查询字符串参数 使用绝对和相对url 在浏览器和节点中工作
/**
* Adds query params to existing URLs (inc merging duplicates)
* @param {string} url - src URL to modify
* @param {object} params - key/value object of params to add
* @returns {string} modified URL
*/
function addQueryParamsToUrl(url, params) {
// if URL is relative, we'll need to add a fake base
var fakeBase = !url.startsWith('http') ? 'http://fake-base.com' : undefined;
var modifiedUrl = new URL(url || '', fakeBase);
// add/update params
Object.keys(params).forEach(function(key) {
if (modifiedUrl.searchParams.has(key)) {
modifiedUrl.searchParams.set(key, params[key]);
}
else {
modifiedUrl.searchParams.append(key, params[key]);
}
});
// return as string (remove fake base if present)
return modifiedUrl.toString().replace(fakeBase, '');
}
例子:
// returns /guides?tag=api
addQueryParamsToUrl('/guides?tag=hardware', { tag:'api' })
// returns https://orcascan.com/guides?tag=api
addQueryParamsToUrl('https://orcascan.com/guides?tag=hardware', { tag: 'api' })
var MyApp = new Class();
MyApp.extend({
utility: {
queryStringHelper: function (url) {
var originalUrl = url;
var newUrl = url;
var finalUrl;
var insertParam = function (key, value) {
key = escape(key);
value = escape(value);
//The previous post had the substr strat from 1 in stead of 0!!!
var kvp = newUrl.substr(0).split('&');
var i = kvp.length;
var x;
while (i--) {
x = kvp[i].split('=');
if (x[0] == key) {
x[1] = value;
kvp[i] = x.join('=');
break;
}
}
if (i < 0) {
kvp[kvp.length] = [key, value].join('=');
}
finalUrl = kvp.join('&');
return finalUrl;
};
this.insertParameterToQueryString = insertParam;
this.insertParams = function (keyValues) {
for (var keyValue in keyValues[0]) {
var key = keyValue;
var value = keyValues[0][keyValue];
newUrl = insertParam(key, value);
}
return newUrl;
};
return this;
}
}
});
你需要适应的基本实现是这样的:
function insertParam(key, value) {
key = encodeURIComponent(key);
value = encodeURIComponent(value);
// kvp looks like ['key1=value1', 'key2=value2', ...]
var kvp = document.location.search.substr(1).split('&');
let i=0;
for(; i<kvp.length; i++){
if (kvp[i].startsWith(key + '=')) {
let pair = kvp[i].split('=');
pair[1] = value;
kvp[i] = pair.join('=');
break;
}
}
if(i >= kvp.length){
kvp[kvp.length] = [key,value].join('=');
}
// can return this or...
let params = kvp.join('&');
// reload page with new params
document.location.search = params;
}
这大约是正则表达式或基于搜索的解决方案的两倍，但这完全取决于查询字符串的长度和任何匹配的索引
为了完成起见，我以慢速regex方法为基准(大约慢了150%)
function insertParam2(key,value)
{
key = encodeURIComponent(key); value = encodeURIComponent(value);
var s = document.location.search;
var kvp = key+"="+value;
var r = new RegExp("(&|\\?)"+key+"=[^\&]*");
s = s.replace(r,"$1"+kvp);
if(!RegExp.$1) {s += (s.length>0 ? '&' : '?') + kvp;};
//again, do what you will here
document.location.search = s;
}
这是我自己的尝试，但我将使用annakata的答案，因为它看起来更清晰:
function AddUrlParameter(sourceUrl, parameterName, parameterValue, replaceDuplicates)
{
if ((sourceUrl == null) || (sourceUrl.length == 0)) sourceUrl = document.location.href;
var urlParts = sourceUrl.split("?");
var newQueryString = "";
if (urlParts.length > 1)
{
var parameters = urlParts[1].split("&");
for (var i=0; (i < parameters.length); i++)
{
var parameterParts = parameters[i].split("=");
if (!(replaceDuplicates && parameterParts[0] == parameterName))
{
if (newQueryString == "")
newQueryString = "?";
else
newQueryString += "&";
newQueryString += parameterParts[0] + "=" + parameterParts[1];
}
}
}
if (newQueryString == "")
newQueryString = "?";
else
newQueryString += "&";
newQueryString += parameterName + "=" + parameterValue;
return urlParts[0] + newQueryString;
}
另外，我从stackoverflow上的另一篇文章中找到了这个jQuery插件，如果你需要更多的灵活性，你可以使用它: http://plugins.jquery.com/project/query-object
我认为代码应该是(还没有测试):
return $.query.parse(sourceUrl).set(parameterName, parameterValue).toString();
以下功能将帮助您添加，更新和删除参数或从URL。
/ / example1and
var myURL = '/search';
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?location=california
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?location=new%20york
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search
/ / example2
var myURL = '/search?category=mobile';
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?category=mobile&location=california
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?category=mobile&location=new%20york
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search?category=mobile
/ /青年们
var myURL = '/search?location=texas';
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?location=california
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?location=new%20york
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search
/ / example4
var myURL = '/search?category=mobile&location=texas';
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?category=mobile&location=california
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?category=mobile&location=new%20york
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search?category=mobile
/ / example5
var myURL = 'https://example.com/search?location=texas#fragment';
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?location=california#fragment
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?location=new%20york#fragment
myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search#fragment
这是函数。
function updateUrl(url,key,value){
if(value!==undefined){
value = encodeURI(value);
}
var hashIndex = url.indexOf("#")|0;
if (hashIndex === -1) hashIndex = url.length|0;
var urls = url.substring(0, hashIndex).split('?');
var baseUrl = urls[0];
var parameters = '';
var outPara = {};
if(urls.length>1){
parameters = urls[1];
}
if(parameters!==''){
parameters = parameters.split('&');
for(k in parameters){
var keyVal = parameters[k];
keyVal = keyVal.split('=');
var ekey = keyVal[0];
var evalue = '';
if(keyVal.length>1){
evalue = keyVal[1];
}
outPara[ekey] = evalue;
}
}
if(value!==undefined){
outPara[key] = value;
}else{
delete outPara[key];
}
parameters = [];
for(var k in outPara){
parameters.push(k + '=' + outPara[k]);
}
var finalUrl = baseUrl;
if(parameters.length>0){
finalUrl += '?' + parameters.join('&');
}
return finalUrl + url.substring(hashIndex);
}
