我添加我的解决方案，因为它支持相对url除了绝对url。在其他方面，它与顶部的答案相同，后者也使用Web API。

/**
 * updates a relative or absolute
 * by setting the search query with
 * the passed key and value.
 */
export const setQueryParam = (url, key, value) => {
  const dummyBaseUrl = 'https://dummy-base-url.com';
  const result = new URL(url, dummyBaseUrl);
  result.searchParams.set(key, value);
  return result.toString().replace(dummyBaseUrl, '');
};

还有人开玩笑说:

// some jest tests
describe('setQueryParams', () => {
  it('sets param on relative url with base path', () => {
    // act
    const actual = setQueryParam(
      '/', 'ref', 'some-value',
    );
    // assert
    expect(actual).toEqual('/?ref=some-value');
  });
  it('sets param on relative url with no path', () => {
    // act
    const actual = setQueryParam(
      '', 'ref', 'some-value',
    );
    // assert
    expect(actual).toEqual('/?ref=some-value');
  });
  it('sets param on relative url with some path', () => {
    // act
    const actual = setQueryParam(
      '/some-path', 'ref', 'some-value',
    );
    // assert
    expect(actual).toEqual('/some-path?ref=some-value');
  });
  it('overwrites existing param', () => {
    // act
    const actual = setQueryParam(
      '/?ref=prev-value', 'ref', 'some-value',
    );
    // assert
    expect(actual).toEqual('/?ref=some-value');
  });
  it('sets param while another param exists', () => {
    // act
    const actual = setQueryParam(
      '/?other-param=other-value', 'ref', 'some-value',
    );
    // assert
    expect(actual).toEqual('/?other-param=other-value&ref=some-value');
  });
  it('honors existing base url', () => {
    // act
    const actual = setQueryParam(
      'https://base.com', 'ref', 'some-value',
    );
    // assert
    expect(actual).toEqual('https://base.com/?ref=some-value');
  });
  it('honors existing base url with some path', () => {
    // act
    const actual = setQueryParam(
      'https://base.com/some-path', 'ref', 'some-value',
    );
    // assert
    expect(actual).toEqual('https://base.com/some-path?ref=some-value');
  });
});

我有一个'类'，这是:

function QS(){
    this.qs = {};
    var s = location.search.replace( /^\?|#.*$/g, '' );
    if( s ) {
        var qsParts = s.split('&');
        var i, nv;
        for (i = 0; i < qsParts.length; i++) {
            nv = qsParts[i].split('=');
            this.qs[nv[0]] = nv[1];
        }
    }
}

QS.prototype.add = function( name, value ) {
    if( arguments.length == 1 && arguments[0].constructor == Object ) {
        this.addMany( arguments[0] );
        return;
    }
    this.qs[name] = value;
}

QS.prototype.addMany = function( newValues ) {
    for( nv in newValues ) {
        this.qs[nv] = newValues[nv];
    }
}

QS.prototype.remove = function( name ) {
    if( arguments.length == 1 && arguments[0].constructor == Array ) {
        this.removeMany( arguments[0] );
        return;
    }
    delete this.qs[name];
}

QS.prototype.removeMany = function( deleteNames ) {
    var i;
    for( i = 0; i < deleteNames.length; i++ ) {
        delete this.qs[deleteNames[i]];
    }
}

QS.prototype.getQueryString = function() {
    var nv, q = [];
    for( nv in this.qs ) {
        q[q.length] = nv+'='+this.qs[nv];
    }
    return q.join( '&' );
}

QS.prototype.toString = QS.prototype.getQueryString;

//examples
//instantiation
var qs = new QS;
alert( qs );

//add a sinle name/value
qs.add( 'new', 'true' );
alert( qs );

//add multiple key/values
qs.add( { x: 'X', y: 'Y' } );
alert( qs );

//remove single key
qs.remove( 'new' )
alert( qs );

//remove multiple keys
qs.remove( ['x', 'bogus'] )
alert( qs );

我已经重写了toString方法，所以不需要调用QS::getQueryString，你可以使用QS::toString，或者像我在示例中所做的那样，仅仅依赖于对象被强制转换为字符串。

在URL类中有一个内置函数，你可以使用它来轻松处理查询字符串的键/值参数:

const url = new URL(window.location.href);
// url.searchParams has several function, we just use `set` function
// to set a value, if you just want to append without replacing value
// let use `append` function

url.searchParams.set('key', 'value');

console.log(url.search) // <== '?key=value'

// if window.location.href has already some qs params this `set` function
// modify or append key/value in it

有关searchParams函数的更多信息。

IE不支持URL，请检查兼容性

我喜欢穆罕穆德·法提赫·耶尔达兹的回答，即使他没有回答整个问题。

在他回答的同一行中，我使用了这样的代码:

“它不控制参数的存在，也不改变现有的值。它把你的参数加到最后"

  /** add a parameter at the end of the URL. Manage '?'/'&', but not the existing parameters.
   *  does escape the value (but not the key)
   */
  function addParameterToURL(_url,_key,_value){
      var param = _key+'='+escape(_value);

      var sep = '&';
      if (_url.indexOf('?') < 0) {
        sep = '?';
      } else {
        var lastChar=_url.slice(-1);
        if (lastChar == '&') sep='';
        if (lastChar == '?') sep='';
      }
      _url += sep + param;

      return _url;
  }

测试者:

  /*
  function addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,key,value){
    //log(_url);
    log(addParameterToURL(_url,key,value));
  }

  function addParameterToURL_TESTER(){
    log('-------------------');
    var _url ='www.google.com';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','Text Value');
    _url ='www.google.com?';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');
    _url ='www.google.com?A=B';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');
    _url ='www.google.com?A=B&';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');
    _url ='www.google.com?A=1&B=2';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');

  }//*/

这将在所有现代浏览器中工作。

function insertParam(key,value) {
      if (history.pushState) {
          var newurl = window.location.protocol + "//" + window.location.host + window.location.pathname + '?' +key+'='+value;
          window.history.pushState({path:newurl},'',newurl);
      }
    }

查看https://github.com/derek-watson/jsUri

Uri和javascript查询字符串操作。

这个项目结合了Steven Levithan的优秀parseUri正则表达式库。您可以安全地解析所有形状和大小的url，无论它们是多么无效或丑陋。