我喜欢穆罕穆德·法提赫·耶尔达兹的回答，即使他没有回答整个问题。

在他回答的同一行中，我使用了这样的代码:

“它不控制参数的存在，也不改变现有的值。它把你的参数加到最后"

  /** add a parameter at the end of the URL. Manage '?'/'&', but not the existing parameters.
   *  does escape the value (but not the key)
   */
  function addParameterToURL(_url,_key,_value){
      var param = _key+'='+escape(_value);

      var sep = '&';
      if (_url.indexOf('?') < 0) {
        sep = '?';
      } else {
        var lastChar=_url.slice(-1);
        if (lastChar == '&') sep='';
        if (lastChar == '?') sep='';
      }
      _url += sep + param;

      return _url;
  }

测试者:

  /*
  function addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,key,value){
    //log(_url);
    log(addParameterToURL(_url,key,value));
  }

  function addParameterToURL_TESTER(){
    log('-------------------');
    var _url ='www.google.com';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','Text Value');
    _url ='www.google.com?';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');
    _url ='www.google.com?A=B';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');
    _url ='www.google.com?A=B&';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');
    _url ='www.google.com?A=1&B=2';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');

  }//*/

试一试 正则表达式，如此之慢，因此:

var SetParamUrl = function(_k, _v) {// replace and add new parameters

    let arrParams = window.location.search !== '' ? decodeURIComponent(window.location.search.substr(1)).split('&').map(_v => _v.split('=')) : Array();
    let index = arrParams.findIndex((_v) => _v[0] === _k); 
    index = index !== -1 ? index : arrParams.length;
    _v === null ? arrParams = arrParams.filter((_v, _i) => _i != index) : arrParams[index] = [_k, _v];
    let _search = encodeURIComponent(arrParams.map(_v => _v.join('=')).join('&'));

    let newurl = window.location.protocol + "//" + window.location.host + window.location.pathname + (arrParams.length > 0 ? '?' +  _search : ''); 

    // window.location = newurl; //reload 

    if (history.pushState) { // without reload  
        window.history.pushState({path:newurl}, null, newurl);
    }

};

var GetParamUrl = function(_k) {// get parameter by key

    let sPageURL = decodeURIComponent(window.location.search.substr(1)),
        sURLVariables = sPageURL.split('&').map(_v => _v.split('='));
    let _result = sURLVariables.find(_v => _v[0] === _k);
    return _result[1];

};

例子:

        // https://some.com/some_path
        GetParamUrl('cat');//undefined
        SetParamUrl('cat', "strData");// https://some.com/some_path?cat=strData
        GetParamUrl('cat');//strData
        SetParamUrl('sotr', "strDataSort");// https://some.com/some_path?cat=strData&sotr=strDataSort
        GetParamUrl('sotr');//strDataSort
        SetParamUrl('cat', "strDataTwo");// https://some.com/some_path?cat=strDataTwo&sotr=strDataSort
        GetParamUrl('cat');//strDataTwo
        //remove param
        SetParamUrl('cat', null);// https://some.com/some_path?sotr=strDataSort

你可以使用其中一个:

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URL https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams

例子:

var url = new URL("http://foo.bar/?x=1&y=2");

// If your expected result is "http://foo.bar/?x=1&y=2&x=42"
url.searchParams.append('x', 42);

// If your expected result is "http://foo.bar/?x=42&y=2"
url.searchParams.set('x', 42);

你可以使用url。href或URL . tostring()来获取完整的URL

随着JS的新成就，这里是如何将查询参数添加到URL:

var protocol = window.location.protocol,
    host = '//' + window.location.host,
    path = window.location.pathname,
    query = window.location.search;

var newUrl = protocol + host + path + query + (query ? '&' : '?') + 'param=1';

window.history.pushState({path:newUrl}, '' , newUrl);

还有这种可能性Moziila URLSearchParams.append()

感谢大家的贡献。我使用annakata代码并修改为也包括url中根本没有查询字符串的情况。 希望这能有所帮助。

function insertParam(key, value) {
        key = escape(key); value = escape(value);

        var kvp = document.location.search.substr(1).split('&');
        if (kvp == '') {
            document.location.search = '?' + key + '=' + value;
        }
        else {

            var i = kvp.length; var x; while (i--) {
                x = kvp[i].split('=');

                if (x[0] == key) {
                    x[1] = value;
                    kvp[i] = x.join('=');
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (i < 0) { kvp[kvp.length] = [key, value].join('='); }

            //this will reload the page, it's likely better to store this until finished
            document.location.search = kvp.join('&');
        }
    }

就我所知，上面的答案都没有解决查询字符串包含参数的情况，这些参数本身就是一个数组，因此会出现不止一次，例如:

http://example.com?sizes[]=a&sizes[]=b

下面的函数是我用来更新document.location.search的。它接受一个键/值对数组作为参数，它将返回一个修改后的版本，你可以做任何你想做的事情。我是这样使用的:

var newParams = [
    ['test','123'],
    ['best','456'],
    ['sizes[]','XXL']
];
var newUrl = document.location.pathname + insertParams(newParams);
history.replaceState('', '', newUrl);

如果当前url为:

http://example.com/index.php?test=replaceme&sizes [] = XL

这会让你

http://example.com/index.php?test=123&sizes[]=XL&尺寸[]=XXL&best=456

函数

function insertParams(params) {
    var result;
    var ii = params.length;
    var queryString = document.location.search.substr(1);
    var kvps = queryString ? queryString.split('&') : [];
    var kvp;
    var skipParams = [];
    var i = kvps.length;
    while (i--) {
        kvp = kvps[i].split('=');
        if (kvp[0].slice(-2) != '[]') {
            var ii = params.length;
            while (ii--) {
                if (params[ii][0] == kvp[0]) {
                    kvp[1] = params[ii][1];
                    kvps[i] = kvp.join('=');
                    skipParams.push(ii);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    var ii = params.length;
    while (ii--) {
        if (skipParams.indexOf(ii) === -1) {
            kvps.push(params[ii].join('='));
        }
    }
    result = kvps.length ? '?' + kvps.join('&') : '';
    return result;
}