Kotlin解决方案，基于这里，还要:

确保临时表不存在 修复了检查默认值的类型，因为当它是Integer时返回String类型(此处报告了此问题)。 避免在希望删除的列不存在时执行任何操作。

object DbUtil {
    /** https://stackoverflow.com/a/51587449/878126 */
    @JvmStatic
    fun dropColumns(database: SQLiteDatabase, tableName: String,
        columnsToRemove: Collection<String>) {
        val columnNames: MutableList<String> = ArrayList()
        val columnNamesWithType: MutableList<String> = ArrayList()
        val primaryKeys: MutableList<String> = ArrayList()
        val query = "pragma table_info($tableName);"
        val cursor = database.rawQuery(query, null)
        val columnDefaultIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex("dflt_value")
        val columnNameIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex("name")
        val columnTypeIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex("type")
        val columnNotNullIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex("notnull")
        val columnPrimaryKeyIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex("pk")
        val sb = StringBuilder()
        var foundColumnsToRemove = false
        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
            val columnName = cursor.getString(columnNameIndex)
            if (columnsToRemove.contains(columnName)) {
                foundColumnsToRemove = true
                continue
            }
            val columnType = cursor.getString(columnTypeIndex)
            val isNotNull = cursor.getInt(columnNotNullIndex) == 1
            val isPrimaryKey = cursor.getInt(columnPrimaryKeyIndex) == 1
            columnNames.add(columnName)
            sb.clear()
            sb.append("`$columnName` $columnType ")
            if (isNotNull)
                sb.append(" NOT NULL ")
            if (cursor.getType(columnDefaultIndex) != Cursor.FIELD_TYPE_NULL) {
                //has default value
                when (columnType.uppercase()) {
                    "INTEGER" -> sb.append(" DEFAULT ${cursor.getInt(columnDefaultIndex)} ")
                    "TEXT" -> sb.append(" DEFAULT \"${cursor.getString(columnDefaultIndex)}\" ")
                    "REAL" -> sb.append(" DEFAULT ${cursor.getFloat(columnDefaultIndex)} ")
                }
            }
            columnNamesWithType.add(sb.toString())
            if (isPrimaryKey)
                primaryKeys.add("`$columnName`")
        }
        cursor.close()
        if (!foundColumnsToRemove)
            return
        val columnNamesSeparated = TextUtils.join(", ", columnNames)
        if (primaryKeys.size > 0)
            columnNamesWithType.add("PRIMARY KEY(${TextUtils.join(", ", primaryKeys)})")
        val columnNamesWithTypeSeparated = TextUtils.join(", ", columnNamesWithType)
        database.beginTransaction()
        try {
            var newTempTableName: String
            var counter = 0
            while (true) {
                newTempTableName = "${tableName}_old_$counter"
                if (!isTableExists(database, newTempTableName))
                    break
                ++counter
            }
            database.execSQL("ALTER TABLE $tableName RENAME TO $newTempTableName;")
            database.execSQL("CREATE TABLE $tableName ($columnNamesWithTypeSeparated);")
            database.execSQL(
                "INSERT INTO $tableName ($columnNamesSeparated) SELECT $columnNamesSeparated FROM $newTempTableName;")
            database.execSQL("DROP TABLE ${newTempTableName};")
            database.setTransactionSuccessful()
        } finally {
            database.endTransaction()
        }
    }

    @JvmStatic
    fun isTableExists(database: SQLiteDatabase, tableName: String): Boolean {
        database.rawQuery(
            "select DISTINCT tbl_name from sqlite_master where tbl_name = '$tableName'", null)
            ?.use {
                return it.count > 0
            } ?: return false
    }
}

http://www.sqlite.org/lang_altertable.html

正如您在图中看到的，只支持ADD COLUMN。不过，有一个(有点沉重的)变通方法:http://www.sqlite.org/faq.html#q11

在SQLite 3中不能删除特定的列。参见FAQ。

基于http://www.sqlite.org/faq.html#q11上的信息在Python中实现。

import sqlite3 as db
import random
import string

QUERY_TEMPLATE_GET_COLUMNS = "PRAGMA table_info(@table_name)"
QUERY_TEMPLATE_DROP_COLUMN = """
  BEGIN TRANSACTION;
  CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE @tmp_table(@columns_to_keep);
  INSERT INTO @tmp_table SELECT @columns_to_keep FROM @table_name;
  DROP TABLE @table_name;
  CREATE TABLE @table_name(@columns_to_keep);
  INSERT INTO @table_name SELECT @columns_to_keep FROM @tmp_table;
  DROP TABLE @tmp_table;
  COMMIT;
"""

def drop_column(db_file, table_name, column_name):
    con = db.connect(db_file)
    QUERY_GET_COLUMNS = QUERY_TEMPLATE_GET_COLUMNS.replace("@table_name", table_name)
    query_res = con.execute(QUERY_GET_COLUMNS).fetchall()
    columns_list_to_keep = [i[1] for i in query_res if i[1] != column_name]
    columns_to_keep = ",".join(columns_list_to_keep)
    tmp_table = "tmp_%s" % "".join(random.sample(string.ascii_lowercase, 10))
    QUERY_DROP_COLUMN = QUERY_TEMPLATE_DROP_COLUMN.replace("@table_name", table_name)\
        .replace("@tmp_table", tmp_table).replace("@columns_to_keep", columns_to_keep)
    con.executescript(QUERY_DROP_COLUMN)
    con.close()

drop_column(DB_FILE, TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME)

这个脚本首先创建随机的临时表，并只插入必要列的数据，除了将要删除的列。然后根据临时表恢复原表，删除临时表。

SQLite 3.35.0引入了对ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN的支持。

ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN语法用于从表中删除现有列。DROP COLUMN命令从表中删除指定的列，并重写整个表以清除与该列相关的数据。DROP COLUMN命令仅在列未被模式的任何其他部分引用、不是PRIMARY KEY且没有UNIQUE约束时才有效。

下面的语法是有效的:

ALTER TABLE <TABLENAME> DROP COLUMN <COLUMNNAME>;
ALTER TABLE <TABLENAME> DROP <COLUMNNAME>;

由于SQLite对ALTER TABLE的支持有限，所以你只能在表的末尾添加列或在SQLite中更改TABLE_NAME。

这里是如何从SQLITE删除列的最佳答案?

从SQLite表中删除列