我根据Sqlite推荐的方法写了一个Java实现:

private void dropColumn(SQLiteDatabase db,
        ConnectionSource connectionSource,
        String createTableCmd,
        String tableName,
        String[] colsToRemove) throws java.sql.SQLException {

    List<String> updatedTableColumns = getTableColumns(tableName);
    // Remove the columns we don't want anymore from the table's list of columns
    updatedTableColumns.removeAll(Arrays.asList(colsToRemove));

    String columnsSeperated = TextUtils.join(",", updatedTableColumns);

    db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE " + tableName + " RENAME TO " + tableName + "_old;");

    // Creating the table on its new format (no redundant columns)
    db.execSQL(createTableCmd);

    // Populating the table with the data
    db.execSQL("INSERT INTO " + tableName + "(" + columnsSeperated + ") SELECT "
            + columnsSeperated + " FROM " + tableName + "_old;");
    db.execSQL("DROP TABLE " + tableName + "_old;");
}

为了获得表的列，我使用了“PRAGMA table_info”:

public List<String> getTableColumns(String tableName) {
    ArrayList<String> columns = new ArrayList<String>();
    String cmd = "pragma table_info(" + tableName + ");";
    Cursor cur = getDB().rawQuery(cmd, null);

    while (cur.moveToNext()) {
        columns.add(cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex("name")));
    }
    cur.close();

    return columns;
}

实际上我在我的博客上写过，你可以在那里看到更多的解释:

http://udinic.wordpress.com/2012/05/09/sqlite-drop-column-support/

正如其他人指出的那样，sqlite的ALTER TABLE语句不支持DROP COLUMN，并且标准的做法是不保留约束和索引。

下面是一些python代码，在维护所有关键约束和索引的同时，可以通用地执行此操作。

请在使用之前备份您的数据库!这个函数依赖于修改原始的CREATE TABLE语句，可能有点不安全——例如，如果标识符包含嵌入的逗号或圆括号，它就会出错。

如果有人愿意提供一种更好的解析SQL的方法，那就太好了!

我发现了一个更好的方法来解析使用开源sqlparse包。如果有任何兴趣，我会张贴在这里，只要留下评论要求它…

import re
import random

def DROP_COLUMN(db, table, column):
    columns = [ c[1] for c in db.execute("PRAGMA table_info(%s)" % table) ]
    columns = [ c for c in columns if c != column ]
    sql = db.execute("SELECT sql from sqlite_master where name = '%s'" 
        % table).fetchone()[0]
    sql = format(sql)
    lines = sql.splitlines()
    findcol = r'\b%s\b' % column
    keeplines = [ line for line in lines if not re.search(findcol, line) ]
    create = '\n'.join(keeplines)
    create = re.sub(r',(\s*\))', r'\1', create)
    temp = 'tmp%d' % random.randint(1e8, 1e9)
    db.execute("ALTER TABLE %(old)s RENAME TO %(new)s" % { 
        'old': table, 'new': temp })
    db.execute(create)
    db.execute("""
        INSERT INTO %(new)s ( %(columns)s ) 
        SELECT %(columns)s FROM %(old)s
    """ % { 
        'old': temp,
        'new': table,
        'columns': ', '.join(columns)
    })  
    db.execute("DROP TABLE %s" % temp)

def format(sql):
    sql = sql.replace(",", ",\n")
    sql = sql.replace("(", "(\n")
    sql = sql.replace(")", "\n)")
    return sql

在SQLite 3中不能删除特定的列。参见FAQ。

由于SQLite对ALTER TABLE的支持有限，所以你只能在表的末尾添加列或在SQLite中更改TABLE_NAME。

这里是如何从SQLITE删除列的最佳答案?

从SQLite表中删除列

您现在还可以使用DB浏览器为SQLite操作列

我重写了@Udinic答案，以便代码自动生成表创建查询。它也不需要ConnectionSource。它还必须在事务中完成此操作。

public static String getOneTableDbSchema(SQLiteDatabase db, String tableName) {
    Cursor c = db.rawQuery(
            "SELECT * FROM `sqlite_master` WHERE `type` = 'table' AND `name` = '" + tableName + "'", null);
    String result = null;
    if (c.moveToFirst()) {
        result = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex("sql"));
    }
    c.close();
    return result;
}

public List<String> getTableColumns(SQLiteDatabase db, String tableName) {
    ArrayList<String> columns = new ArrayList<>();
    String cmd = "pragma table_info(" + tableName + ");";
    Cursor cur = db.rawQuery(cmd, null);

    while (cur.moveToNext()) {
        columns.add(cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex("name")));
    }
    cur.close();

    return columns;
}

private void dropColumn(SQLiteDatabase db, String tableName, String[] columnsToRemove) {
    db.beginTransaction();
    try {
        List<String> columnNamesWithoutRemovedOnes = getTableColumns(db, tableName);
        // Remove the columns we don't want anymore from the table's list of columns
        columnNamesWithoutRemovedOnes.removeAll(Arrays.asList(columnsToRemove));

        String newColumnNamesSeparated = TextUtils.join(" , ", columnNamesWithoutRemovedOnes);
        String sql = getOneTableDbSchema(db, tableName);
        // Extract the SQL query that contains only columns
        String oldColumnsSql = sql.substring(sql.indexOf("(")+1, sql.lastIndexOf(")"));

        db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE " + tableName + " RENAME TO " + tableName + "_old;");
        db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE `" + tableName + "` (" + getSqlWithoutRemovedColumns(oldColumnsSql, columnsToRemove)+ ");");
        db.execSQL("INSERT INTO " + tableName + "(" + newColumnNamesSeparated + ") SELECT " + newColumnNamesSeparated + " FROM " + tableName + "_old;");
        db.execSQL("DROP TABLE " + tableName + "_old;");
        db.setTransactionSuccessful();
    } catch {
        //Error in between database transaction 
    } finally {
        db.endTransaction();
    }


}