你可以使用Sqlitebrowser。在浏览器模式下，对于各自的数据库和表，在选项卡-database结构下，选择Modify table后，可以删除各自的列。

我重写了@Udinic答案，以便代码自动生成表创建查询。它也不需要ConnectionSource。它还必须在事务中完成此操作。

public static String getOneTableDbSchema(SQLiteDatabase db, String tableName) {
    Cursor c = db.rawQuery(
            "SELECT * FROM `sqlite_master` WHERE `type` = 'table' AND `name` = '" + tableName + "'", null);
    String result = null;
    if (c.moveToFirst()) {
        result = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex("sql"));
    }
    c.close();
    return result;
}

public List<String> getTableColumns(SQLiteDatabase db, String tableName) {
    ArrayList<String> columns = new ArrayList<>();
    String cmd = "pragma table_info(" + tableName + ");";
    Cursor cur = db.rawQuery(cmd, null);

    while (cur.moveToNext()) {
        columns.add(cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex("name")));
    }
    cur.close();

    return columns;
}

private void dropColumn(SQLiteDatabase db, String tableName, String[] columnsToRemove) {
    db.beginTransaction();
    try {
        List<String> columnNamesWithoutRemovedOnes = getTableColumns(db, tableName);
        // Remove the columns we don't want anymore from the table's list of columns
        columnNamesWithoutRemovedOnes.removeAll(Arrays.asList(columnsToRemove));

        String newColumnNamesSeparated = TextUtils.join(" , ", columnNamesWithoutRemovedOnes);
        String sql = getOneTableDbSchema(db, tableName);
        // Extract the SQL query that contains only columns
        String oldColumnsSql = sql.substring(sql.indexOf("(")+1, sql.lastIndexOf(")"));

        db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE " + tableName + " RENAME TO " + tableName + "_old;");
        db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE `" + tableName + "` (" + getSqlWithoutRemovedColumns(oldColumnsSql, columnsToRemove)+ ");");
        db.execSQL("INSERT INTO " + tableName + "(" + newColumnNamesSeparated + ") SELECT " + newColumnNamesSeparated + " FROM " + tableName + "_old;");
        db.execSQL("DROP TABLE " + tableName + "_old;");
        db.setTransactionSuccessful();
    } catch {
        //Error in between database transaction 
    } finally {
        db.endTransaction();
    }


}

我已经改进了user2638929回答，现在它可以保留列类型，主键，默认值等。

public static void dropColumns(SQLiteDatabase database, String tableName, Collection<String> columnsToRemove){
    List<String> columnNames = new ArrayList<>();
    List<String> columnNamesWithType = new ArrayList<>();
    List<String> primaryKeys = new ArrayList<>();
    String query = "pragma table_info(" + tableName + ");";
    Cursor cursor = database.rawQuery(query,null);
    while (cursor.moveToNext()){
        String columnName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));

        if (columnsToRemove.contains(columnName)){
            continue;
        }

        String columnType = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("type"));
        boolean isNotNull = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("notnull")) == 1;
        boolean isPk = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("pk")) == 1;

        columnNames.add(columnName);
        String tmp = "`" + columnName + "` " + columnType + " ";
        if (isNotNull){
            tmp += " NOT NULL ";
        }

        int defaultValueType = cursor.getType(cursor.getColumnIndex("dflt_value"));
        if (defaultValueType == Cursor.FIELD_TYPE_STRING){
            tmp += " DEFAULT " + "\"" + cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("dflt_value")) + "\" ";
        }else if(defaultValueType == Cursor.FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER){
            tmp += " DEFAULT " + cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("dflt_value")) + " ";
        }else if (defaultValueType == Cursor.FIELD_TYPE_FLOAT){
            tmp += " DEFAULT " + cursor.getFloat(cursor.getColumnIndex("dflt_value")) + " ";
        }
        columnNamesWithType.add(tmp);
        if (isPk){
            primaryKeys.add("`" + columnName + "`");
        }
    }
    cursor.close();

    String columnNamesSeparated = TextUtils.join(", ", columnNames);
    if (primaryKeys.size() > 0){
        columnNamesWithType.add("PRIMARY KEY("+ TextUtils.join(", ", primaryKeys) +")");
    }
    String columnNamesWithTypeSeparated = TextUtils.join(", ", columnNamesWithType);

    database.beginTransaction();
    try {
        database.execSQL("ALTER TABLE " + tableName + " RENAME TO " + tableName + "_old;");
        database.execSQL("CREATE TABLE " + tableName + " (" + columnNamesWithTypeSeparated + ");");
        database.execSQL("INSERT INTO " + tableName + " (" + columnNamesSeparated + ") SELECT "
                + columnNamesSeparated + " FROM " + tableName + "_old;");
        database.execSQL("DROP TABLE " + tableName + "_old;");
        database.setTransactionSuccessful();
    }finally {
        database.endTransaction();
    }
}

PS:这里我使用的是android.arch.persistence.db。支持sqlitedatabase，但你可以很容易地修改它使用android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase

在SQLite 3中不能删除特定的列。参见FAQ。

正如其他人指出的那样，sqlite的ALTER TABLE语句不支持DROP COLUMN，并且标准的做法是不保留约束和索引。

下面是一些python代码，在维护所有关键约束和索引的同时，可以通用地执行此操作。

请在使用之前备份您的数据库!这个函数依赖于修改原始的CREATE TABLE语句，可能有点不安全——例如，如果标识符包含嵌入的逗号或圆括号，它就会出错。

如果有人愿意提供一种更好的解析SQL的方法，那就太好了!

我发现了一个更好的方法来解析使用开源sqlparse包。如果有任何兴趣，我会张贴在这里，只要留下评论要求它…

import re
import random

def DROP_COLUMN(db, table, column):
    columns = [ c[1] for c in db.execute("PRAGMA table_info(%s)" % table) ]
    columns = [ c for c in columns if c != column ]
    sql = db.execute("SELECT sql from sqlite_master where name = '%s'" 
        % table).fetchone()[0]
    sql = format(sql)
    lines = sql.splitlines()
    findcol = r'\b%s\b' % column
    keeplines = [ line for line in lines if not re.search(findcol, line) ]
    create = '\n'.join(keeplines)
    create = re.sub(r',(\s*\))', r'\1', create)
    temp = 'tmp%d' % random.randint(1e8, 1e9)
    db.execute("ALTER TABLE %(old)s RENAME TO %(new)s" % { 
        'old': table, 'new': temp })
    db.execute(create)
    db.execute("""
        INSERT INTO %(new)s ( %(columns)s ) 
        SELECT %(columns)s FROM %(old)s
    """ % { 
        'old': temp,
        'new': table,
        'columns': ', '.join(columns)
    })  
    db.execute("DROP TABLE %s" % temp)

def format(sql):
    sql = sql.replace(",", ",\n")
    sql = sql.replace("(", "(\n")
    sql = sql.replace(")", "\n)")
    return sql

有一段时间不直接支持这一点，您需要遵循以下四个步骤:(1)创建一个temporary_table，(2)复制数据，(3)删除旧表，然后(4)重命名temporary_table。

但是现在支持这些特性，您所需要做的就是升级SQLite。

3.35.0 from 2021-03-12添加ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN 3.25.0 from 2018-09-15新增ALTER TABLE RENAME COLUMN 3.2.0在2005-03-21添加了ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN

请注意，仍然有一些边缘情况下，这些可能不起作用，例如，您不能删除主键列。有关详细信息，请参阅文档。当这些ALTER TABLE…COLUMN语句不起作用时，您可以退回到四步过程。

顺便说一下，文档中的四步流程实际上是十二步流程。但其中四个步骤非常重要，很容易出错，在这些文档中特别指出。