var Student = (function () {
    function Student(firstname, lastname) {
        this.firstname = firstname;
        this.lastname = lastname;
        this.fullname = firstname + " " + lastname;
    }

    Student.prototype.sayMyName = function () {
        return this.fullname;
    };

    return Student;
}());

var user = new Student("Jane", "User");
var user_fullname = user.sayMyName();

这就是TypeScript将带有构造函数的类编译到JavaScript的方式。

MooTools(我的面向对象工具)以类的思想为中心。您甚至可以通过继承来扩展和实现。

一旦掌握了它，就会产生可重用的强大javascript。

下面是不使用任何外部库的方法:

// Define a class like this
function Person(name, gender){

   // Add object properties like this
   this.name = name;
   this.gender = gender;
}

// Add methods like this.  All Person objects will be able to invoke this
Person.prototype.speak = function(){
    alert("Howdy, my name is" + this.name);
};

// Instantiate new objects with 'new'
var person = new Person("Bob", "M");

// Invoke methods like this
person.speak(); // alerts "Howdy, my name is Bob"

真正的答案要比这复杂得多。例如，在JavaScript中没有类这种东西。JavaScript使用基于原型的继承方案。

此外，还有许多流行的JavaScript库，它们在JavaScript中具有类似类的功能。您至少需要了解Prototype和jQuery。

决定哪一个是“最好的”是在Stack Overflow上开始一场圣战的好方法。如果您正在着手一个较大的javascript较多的项目，那么学习一个流行的库并按照它们的方式来做绝对是值得的。我是一个原型的人，但Stack Overflow似乎倾向于jQuery。

至于只有“一种方法可以做到这一点”，不依赖任何外部库，我写的方法就差不多了。

你可能想通过使用折叠模式来创建一个类型:

    // Here is the constructor section.
    var myType = function () {
        var N = {}, // Enclosed (private) members are here.
            X = this; // Exposed (public) members are here.

        (function ENCLOSED_FIELDS() {
            N.toggle = false;
            N.text = '';
        }());

        (function EXPOSED_FIELDS() {
            X.count = 0;
            X.numbers = [1, 2, 3];
        }());

        // The properties below have access to the enclosed fields.
        // Careful with functions exposed within the closure of the
        // constructor, each new instance will have it's own copy.
        (function EXPOSED_PROPERTIES_WITHIN_CONSTRUCTOR() {
            Object.defineProperty(X, 'toggle', {
                get: function () {
                    var before = N.toggle;
                    N.toggle = !N.toggle;
                    return before;
                }
            });

            Object.defineProperty(X, 'text', {
                get: function () {
                    return N.text;
                },
                set: function (value) {
                    N.text = value;
                }
            });
        }());
    };

    // Here is the prototype section.
    (function PROTOTYPE() {
        var P = myType.prototype;

        (function EXPOSED_PROPERTIES_WITHIN_PROTOTYPE() {
            Object.defineProperty(P, 'numberLength', {
                get: function () {
                    return this.numbers.length;
                }
            });
        }());

        (function EXPOSED_METHODS() {
            P.incrementNumbersByCount = function () {
                var i;
                for (i = 0; i < this.numbers.length; i++) {
                    this.numbers[i] += this.count;
                }
            };
            P.tweak = function () {
                if (this.toggle) {
                    this.count++;
                }
                this.text = 'tweaked';
            };
        }());
    }());

该代码将为您提供一个名为myType的类型。它将有内部私有字段toggle和text。它还将有这些公开的成员:字段count和numbers;属性toggle, text和numberLength;方法incrementNumbersByCount和tweak。

折叠模式的详细信息如下: Javascript折叠模式

一个基地

function Base(kind) {
    this.kind = kind;
}

一个类

// Shared var
var _greeting;

(function _init() {
    Class.prototype = new Base();
    Class.prototype.constructor = Class;
    Class.prototype.log = function() { _log.apply(this, arguments); }
    _greeting = "Good afternoon!";
})();

function Class(name, kind) {
    Base.call(this, kind);
    this.name = name;
}

// Shared function
function _log() {
    console.log(_greeting + " Me name is " + this.name + " and I'm a " + this.kind);
}

行动

var c = new Class("Joe", "Object");
c.log(); // "Good afternoon! Me name is Joe and I'm a Object"

我更喜欢使用Daniel X. Moore的{SUPER: SYSTEM}。这是一个提供诸如真正的实例变量、基于特征的继承、类层次结构和配置选项等好处的规程。下面的例子说明了真正实例变量的使用，我认为这是最大的优势。如果你不需要实例变量，并且只喜欢公共或私有变量，那么可能有更简单的系统。

function Person(I) {
  I = I || {};

  Object.reverseMerge(I, {
    name: "McLovin",
    age: 25,
    homeState: "Hawaii"
  });

  return {
    introduce: function() {
      return "Hi I'm " + I.name + " and I'm " + I.age;
    }
  };
}

var fogel = Person({
  age: "old enough"
});
fogel.introduce(); // "Hi I'm McLovin and I'm old enough"

哇，这本身并不是很有用，但是看看添加一个子类:

function Ninja(I) {
  I = I || {};

  Object.reverseMerge(I, {
    belt: "black"
  });

  // Ninja is a subclass of person
  return Object.extend(Person(I), {
    greetChallenger: function() {
      return "In all my " + I.age + " years as a ninja, I've never met a challenger as worthy as you...";
    }
  });
}

var resig = Ninja({name: "John Resig"});

resig.introduce(); // "Hi I'm John Resig and I'm 25"

另一个优点是能够拥有基于模块和trait的继承。

// The Bindable module
function Bindable() {

  var eventCallbacks = {};

  return {
    bind: function(event, callback) {
      eventCallbacks[event] = eventCallbacks[event] || [];

      eventCallbacks[event].push(callback);
    },

    trigger: function(event) {
      var callbacks = eventCallbacks[event];

      if(callbacks && callbacks.length) {
        var self = this;
        callbacks.forEach(function(callback) {
          callback(self);
        });
      }
    },
  };
}

一个让person类包含可绑定模块的例子。

function Person(I) {
  I = I || {};

  Object.reverseMerge(I, {
    name: "McLovin",
    age: 25,
    homeState: "Hawaii"
  });

  var self = {
    introduce: function() {
      return "Hi I'm " + I.name + " and I'm " + I.age;
    }
  };

  // Including the Bindable module
  Object.extend(self, Bindable());

  return self;
}

var person = Person();
person.bind("eat", function() {
  alert(person.introduce() + " and I'm eating!");
});

person.trigger("eat"); // Blasts the alert!

披露:我是丹尼尔·x·摩尔，这是我的{SUPER: SYSTEM}。这是用JavaScript定义类的最佳方式。