我有一个windows窗体应用程序与一个文本框控件,我想只接受整数值。在过去,我通过重载KeyPress事件并删除不符合规范的字符来进行这种验证。我已经看了MaskedTextBox控件,但我想一个更通用的解决方案,可以与也许正则表达式,或依赖于其他控件的值。

理想情况下,按下非数字字符要么不产生结果,要么立即向用户提供关于无效字符的反馈。


当前回答

似乎目前对这个问题的许多答案都是手动解析输入文本。如果你正在寻找一个特定的内置数字类型(例如int或double),为什么不只是将工作委托给该类型的TryParse方法?例如:

public class IntTextBox : TextBox
{
    string PreviousText = "";
    int BackingResult;

    public IntTextBox()
    {
        TextChanged += IntTextBox_TextChanged;
    }

    public bool HasResult { get; private set; }

    public int Result
    {
        get
        {
            return HasResult ? BackingResult : default(int);
        }
    }

    void IntTextBox_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        HasResult = int.TryParse(Text, out BackingResult);

        if (HasResult || string.IsNullOrEmpty(Text))
        {
            // Commit
            PreviousText = Text;
        }
        else
        {
            // Revert
            var changeOffset = Text.Length - PreviousText.Length;
            var previousSelectionStart =
                Math.Max(0, SelectionStart - changeOffset);

            Text = PreviousText;
            SelectionStart = previousSelectionStart;
        }
    }
}

如果你想要更通用但仍然兼容Visual Studio的设计器:

public class ParsableTextBox : TextBox
{
    TryParser BackingTryParse;
    string PreviousText = "";
    object BackingResult;

    public ParsableTextBox()
        : this(null)
    {
    }

    public ParsableTextBox(TryParser tryParse)
    {
        TryParse = tryParse;

        TextChanged += ParsableTextBox_TextChanged;
    }

    public delegate bool TryParser(string text, out object result);

    public TryParser TryParse
    {
        set
        {
            Enabled = !(ReadOnly = value == null);

            BackingTryParse = value;
        }
    }

    public bool HasResult { get; private set; }

    public object Result
    {
        get
        {
            return GetResult<object>();
        }
    }

    public T GetResult<T>()
    {
        return HasResult ? (T)BackingResult : default(T);
    }

    void ParsableTextBox_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (BackingTryParse != null)
        {
            HasResult = BackingTryParse(Text, out BackingResult);
        }

        if (HasResult || string.IsNullOrEmpty(Text))
        {
            // Commit
            PreviousText = Text;
        }
        else
        {
            // Revert
            var changeOffset = Text.Length - PreviousText.Length;
            var previousSelectionStart =
                Math.Max(0, SelectionStart - changeOffset);

            Text = PreviousText;
            SelectionStart = previousSelectionStart;
        }
    }
}

最后,如果你想要完全通用的东西,不关心Designer支持:

public class ParsableTextBox<T> : TextBox
{
    TryParser BackingTryParse;
    string PreviousText;
    T BackingResult;

    public ParsableTextBox()
        : this(null)
    {
    }

    public ParsableTextBox(TryParser tryParse)
    {
        TryParse = tryParse;

        TextChanged += ParsableTextBox_TextChanged;
    }

    public delegate bool TryParser(string text, out T result);

    public TryParser TryParse
    {
        set
        {
            Enabled = !(ReadOnly = value == null);

            BackingTryParse = value;
        }
    }

    public bool HasResult { get; private set; }

    public T Result
    {
        get
        {
            return HasResult ? BackingResult : default(T);
        }
    }

    void ParsableTextBox_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (BackingTryParse != null)
        {
            HasResult = BackingTryParse(Text, out BackingResult);
        }

        if (HasResult || string.IsNullOrEmpty(Text))
        {
            // Commit
            PreviousText = Text;
        }
        else
        {
            // Revert
            var changeOffset = Text.Length - PreviousText.Length;
            var previousSelectionStart =
                Math.Max(0, SelectionStart - changeOffset);

            Text = PreviousText;
            SelectionStart = previousSelectionStart;
        }
    }
}

其他回答

我会在KeyDown事件中处理它。

void TextBox_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            char c = Convert.ToChar(e.PlatformKeyCode);
            if (!char.IsDigit(c))
            {
                e.Handled = true;
            }
        }

允许一行代码小数点

    private void txtQty_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
    {
        e.Handled =  e.KeyChar != '.' && !char.IsDigit(e.KeyChar) && !char.IsControl(e.KeyChar);
    }

这是用.NET 5/Core来实现的一种很好很短的方法

private void textBox1_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e) {
  if (e.KeyData != Keys.Back)
    e.SuppressKeyPress = !int.TryParse(Convert.ToString((char) e.KeyData), out int _);
}

编辑:增加了退格键的支持

这正是设计已验证/正在验证事件的目的。

下面是MSDN上关于这个主题的文章:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.forms.control.validating.aspx

TL;DR版本:检查validate事件中的. text属性,并在数据无效时设置e.Cancel=True。

当你设置e.Cancel=True时,用户不能离开这个字段,但是你需要给他们一些错误的反馈。我将方框的背景颜色更改为浅红色,以表示有问题。确保将其设置回SystemColors。窗口时调用一个良好的值。

WPF的工作解决方案&一个简单的TextChangedEventArgs。

private void TextBox_TextChanged(object sender, TextChangedEventArgs e)
{
    var TextBox = (sender as TextBox);

    // if not a numeric value, remove news characters
    if (Regex.IsMatch(TextBox.Text, "[^0-9]"))
    {
        foreach (TextChange Change in e.Changes)
        {
            TextBox.Text = TextBox.Text.Remove(Change.Offset, Change.AddedLength);

            TextBox.CaretIndex = Change.Offset;
        }
    }
}