我有一个windows窗体应用程序与一个文本框控件,我想只接受整数值。在过去,我通过重载KeyPress事件并删除不符合规范的字符来进行这种验证。我已经看了MaskedTextBox控件,但我想一个更通用的解决方案,可以与也许正则表达式,或依赖于其他控件的值。

理想情况下,按下非数字字符要么不产生结果,要么立即向用户提供关于无效字符的反馈。


当前回答

这正是设计已验证/正在验证事件的目的。

下面是MSDN上关于这个主题的文章:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.forms.control.validating.aspx

TL;DR版本:检查validate事件中的. text属性,并在数据无效时设置e.Cancel=True。

当你设置e.Cancel=True时,用户不能离开这个字段,但是你需要给他们一些错误的反馈。我将方框的背景颜色更改为浅红色,以表示有问题。确保将其设置回SystemColors。窗口时调用一个良好的值。

其他回答

这是用.NET 5/Core来实现的一种很好很短的方法

private void textBox1_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e) {
  if (e.KeyData != Keys.Back)
    e.SuppressKeyPress = !int.TryParse(Convert.ToString((char) e.KeyData), out int _);
}

编辑:增加了退格键的支持

使用Fabio Iotti回答中描述的方法,我创建了一个更通用的解决方案:

public abstract class ValidatedTextBox : TextBox {
    private string m_lastText = string.Empty;
    protected abstract bool IsValid(string text);
    protected sealed override void OnTextChanged(EventArgs e) {
        if (!IsValid(Text)) {
            var pos = SelectionStart - Text.Length + m_lastText.Length;
            Text = m_lastText;
            SelectionStart = Math.Max(0, pos);
        }
        m_lastText = Text;
        base.OnTextChanged(e);
    }
}

"ValidatedTextBox",它包含了所有重要的验证行为。 剩下要做的就是继承这个类,并使用所需的验证逻辑重写“IsValid”方法。 例如,使用这个类,可以创建"RegexedTextBox",它只接受匹配特定正则表达式的字符串:

public abstract class RegexedTextBox : ValidatedTextBox {
    private readonly Regex m_regex;
    protected RegexedTextBox(string regExpString) {
        m_regex = new Regex(regExpString);
    }
    protected override bool IsValid(string text) {
        return m_regex.IsMatch(Text);
    }
}

之后,从"RegexedTextBox"类继承,我们可以很容易地创建" positivevenumbertextbox "和"PositiveFloatingPointNumberTextBox"控件:

public sealed class PositiveNumberTextBox : RegexedTextBox {
    public PositiveNumberTextBox() : base(@"^\d*$") { }
}

public sealed class PositiveFloatingPointNumberTextBox : RegexedTextBox {
    public PositiveFloatingPointNumberTextBox()
        : base(@"^(\d+\" + CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.NumberFormat.NumberDecimalSeparator + @")?\d*$") { }
}

似乎目前对这个问题的许多答案都是手动解析输入文本。如果你正在寻找一个特定的内置数字类型(例如int或double),为什么不只是将工作委托给该类型的TryParse方法?例如:

public class IntTextBox : TextBox
{
    string PreviousText = "";
    int BackingResult;

    public IntTextBox()
    {
        TextChanged += IntTextBox_TextChanged;
    }

    public bool HasResult { get; private set; }

    public int Result
    {
        get
        {
            return HasResult ? BackingResult : default(int);
        }
    }

    void IntTextBox_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        HasResult = int.TryParse(Text, out BackingResult);

        if (HasResult || string.IsNullOrEmpty(Text))
        {
            // Commit
            PreviousText = Text;
        }
        else
        {
            // Revert
            var changeOffset = Text.Length - PreviousText.Length;
            var previousSelectionStart =
                Math.Max(0, SelectionStart - changeOffset);

            Text = PreviousText;
            SelectionStart = previousSelectionStart;
        }
    }
}

如果你想要更通用但仍然兼容Visual Studio的设计器:

public class ParsableTextBox : TextBox
{
    TryParser BackingTryParse;
    string PreviousText = "";
    object BackingResult;

    public ParsableTextBox()
        : this(null)
    {
    }

    public ParsableTextBox(TryParser tryParse)
    {
        TryParse = tryParse;

        TextChanged += ParsableTextBox_TextChanged;
    }

    public delegate bool TryParser(string text, out object result);

    public TryParser TryParse
    {
        set
        {
            Enabled = !(ReadOnly = value == null);

            BackingTryParse = value;
        }
    }

    public bool HasResult { get; private set; }

    public object Result
    {
        get
        {
            return GetResult<object>();
        }
    }

    public T GetResult<T>()
    {
        return HasResult ? (T)BackingResult : default(T);
    }

    void ParsableTextBox_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (BackingTryParse != null)
        {
            HasResult = BackingTryParse(Text, out BackingResult);
        }

        if (HasResult || string.IsNullOrEmpty(Text))
        {
            // Commit
            PreviousText = Text;
        }
        else
        {
            // Revert
            var changeOffset = Text.Length - PreviousText.Length;
            var previousSelectionStart =
                Math.Max(0, SelectionStart - changeOffset);

            Text = PreviousText;
            SelectionStart = previousSelectionStart;
        }
    }
}

最后,如果你想要完全通用的东西,不关心Designer支持:

public class ParsableTextBox<T> : TextBox
{
    TryParser BackingTryParse;
    string PreviousText;
    T BackingResult;

    public ParsableTextBox()
        : this(null)
    {
    }

    public ParsableTextBox(TryParser tryParse)
    {
        TryParse = tryParse;

        TextChanged += ParsableTextBox_TextChanged;
    }

    public delegate bool TryParser(string text, out T result);

    public TryParser TryParse
    {
        set
        {
            Enabled = !(ReadOnly = value == null);

            BackingTryParse = value;
        }
    }

    public bool HasResult { get; private set; }

    public T Result
    {
        get
        {
            return HasResult ? BackingResult : default(T);
        }
    }

    void ParsableTextBox_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (BackingTryParse != null)
        {
            HasResult = BackingTryParse(Text, out BackingResult);
        }

        if (HasResult || string.IsNullOrEmpty(Text))
        {
            // Commit
            PreviousText = Text;
        }
        else
        {
            // Revert
            var changeOffset = Text.Length - PreviousText.Length;
            var previousSelectionStart =
                Math.Max(0, SelectionStart - changeOffset);

            Text = PreviousText;
            SelectionStart = previousSelectionStart;
        }
    }
}

3解决方案

1)

//Add to the textbox's KeyPress event
//using Regex for number only textBox

private void txtBox_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
if (!System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch(e.KeyChar.ToString(), "\\d+"))
e.Handled = true;
}

2) 来自MSDN的另一个解决方案

// Boolean flag used to determine when a character other than a number is entered.
private bool nonNumberEntered = false;
// Handle the KeyDown event to determine the type of character entered into the     control.
private void textBox1_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
// Initialize the flag to false.
nonNumberEntered = false;
// Determine whether the keystroke is a number from the top of the keyboard.
if (e.KeyCode < Keys.D0 || e.KeyCode > Keys.D9)
{
    // Determine whether the keystroke is a number from the keypad.
    if (e.KeyCode < Keys.NumPad0 || e.KeyCode > Keys.NumPad9)
    {
        // Determine whether the keystroke is a backspace.
        if (e.KeyCode != Keys.Back)
        {
            // A non-numerical keystroke was pressed.
            // Set the flag to true and evaluate in KeyPress event.
            nonNumberEntered = true;
        }
    }
}

}

private void textBox1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
    if (nonNumberEntered == true)
    {
       MessageBox.Show("Please enter number only..."); 
       e.Handled = true;
    }
}

源http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.forms.control.keypress (v =应用程序). aspx

3)使用MaskedTextBox: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.forms.maskedtextbox.aspx

在我们的网页与文本框的定义,我们可以添加一个onkeypress事件只接受数字。它不会显示任何消息,但它将防止您输入错误。它为我工作,用户不能输入任何除了数字。

<asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="txtFrom"
     onkeypress="if(isNaN(String.fromCharCode(event.keyCode))) return false;">