你可以使用pydash:

import pydash as _  #NOTE require `pip install pydash`

_.get(example_dict, 'key1.key2', default='Default')

https://pydash.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html

根据Yoav的回答，一个更安全的方法是:

def deep_get(dictionary, *keys):
    return reduce(lambda d, key: d.get(key, None) if isinstance(d, dict) else None, keys, dictionary)

还有一个相同功能的函数，也返回一个布尔值来表示是否找到键，并处理一些意想不到的错误。

'''
json : json to extract value from if exists
path : details.detail.first_name
            empty path represents root

returns a tuple (boolean, object)
        boolean : True if path exists, otherwise False
        object : the object if path exists otherwise None

'''
def get_json_value_at_path(json, path=None, default=None):

    if not bool(path):
        return True, json
    if type(json) is not dict :
        raise ValueError(f'json={json}, path={path} not supported, json must be a dict')
    if type(path) is not str and type(path) is not list:
        raise ValueError(f'path format {path} not supported, path can be a list of strings like [x,y,z] or a string like x.y.z')

    if type(path) is str:
        path = path.strip('.').split('.')
    key = path[0]
    if key in json.keys():
        return get_json_value_at_path(json[key], path[1:], default)
    else:
        return False, default

使用示例:

my_json = {'details' : {'first_name' : 'holla', 'last_name' : 'holla'}}
print(get_json_value_at_path(my_json, 'details.first_name', ''))
print(get_json_value_at_path(my_json, 'details.phone', ''))

(真的,大声叫) (假的,”)

已经有很多很好的答案，但我已经提出了一个类似于JavaScript领域的lodash get的函数，它也支持通过索引进入列表:

def get(value, keys, default_value = None):
'''
    Useful for reaching into nested JSON like data
    Inspired by JavaScript lodash get and Clojure get-in etc.
'''
  if value is None or keys is None:
      return None
  path = keys.split('.') if isinstance(keys, str) else keys
  result = value
  def valid_index(key):
      return re.match('^([1-9][0-9]*|[0-9])$', key) and int(key) >= 0
  def is_dict_like(v):
      return hasattr(v, '__getitem__') and hasattr(v, '__contains__')
  for key in path:
      if isinstance(result, list) and valid_index(key) and int(key) < len(result):
          result = result[int(key)] if int(key) < len(result) else None
      elif is_dict_like(result) and key in result:
          result = result[key]
      else:
          result = default_value
          break
  return result

def test_get():
  assert get(None, ['foo']) == None
  assert get({'foo': 1}, None) == None
  assert get(None, None) == None
  assert get({'foo': 1}, []) == {'foo': 1}
  assert get({'foo': 1}, ['foo']) == 1
  assert get({'foo': 1}, ['bar']) == None
  assert get({'foo': 1}, ['bar'], 'the default') == 'the default'
  assert get({'foo': {'bar': 'hello'}}, ['foo', 'bar']) == 'hello'
  assert get({'foo': {'bar': 'hello'}}, 'foo.bar') == 'hello'
  assert get({'foo': [{'bar': 'hello'}]}, 'foo.0.bar') == 'hello'
  assert get({'foo': [{'bar': 'hello'}]}, 'foo.1') == None
  assert get({'foo': [{'bar': 'hello'}]}, 'foo.1.bar') == None
  assert get(['foo', 'bar'], '1') == 'bar'
  assert get(['foo', 'bar'], '2') == None

下面是一个基于unutbu函数答案的解决方案:

Python命名指南 默认值作为参数 不用try，只是检查key是否在object上

def safe_get(dictionary, *keys, default=None):
    for key in keys:
        if key not in dictionary:
            return default
        dictionary = dictionary[key]
    return dictionary

我建议你试试蟒蛇本尼迪克特。

它是一个dict子类，提供小键盘支持等功能。

安装:pip install python-benedict

from benedict import benedict

example_dict = benedict(example_dict, keypath_separator='.')

现在你可以使用keypath访问嵌套值:

val = example_dict['key1.key2']

# using 'get' method to avoid a possible KeyError:
val = example_dict.get('key1.key2')

或者使用键列表访问嵌套值:

val = example_dict['key1', 'key2']

# using get to avoid a possible KeyError:
val = example_dict.get(['key1', 'key2'])

它在GitHub上经过了很好的测试和开源:

https://github.com/fabiocaccamo/python-benedict

注:我是这个项目的作者