虽然在层次结构中正确地实现equals()确实相当困难，但支持继承其他方法仍然很好，例如:toString()。

为了更具体一点，让我们假设我们有以下结构(显然，它不起作用，因为toString()不是继承的，但如果它不是很好吗?):

abstract class ResourceId(open val basePath: BasePath, open val id: Id) {

    // non of the subtypes inherit this... unfortunately...
    override fun toString(): String = "/${basePath.value}/${id.value}"
}

data class UserResourceId(override val id: UserId) : ResourceId(UserBasePath, id)

data class LocationResourceId(override val id: LocationId) : ResourceId(LocationBasePath, id)

Assuming our User and Location entities return their appropriate resource IDs (UserResourceId and LocationResourceId respectively), calling toString() on any ResourceId could result in quite a nice little representation that is generally valid for all subtypes: /users/4587, /locations/23, etc. Unfortunately, because non of the subtypes inherited to overridden toString() method from the abstract base ResourceId, calling toString() actually results in a less pretty representation: <UserResourceId(id=UserId(value=4587))>, <LocationResourceId(id=LocationId(value=23))>

还有其他方法可以对上述模型进行建模，但这些方法要么迫使我们使用非数据类(错过了数据类的许多好处)，要么我们最终在所有数据类中复制/重复toString()实现(没有继承)。

我是怎么做到的。

open class ParentClass {
  var var1 = false
  var var2: String? = null
}

data class ChildClass(
  var var3: Long
) : ParentClass()

它工作得很好。

可以从非数据类继承数据类。

基类

open class BaseEntity (

@ColumnInfo(name = "name") var name: String? = null,
@ColumnInfo(name = "description") var description: String? = null,
// ...
)

子类

@Entity(tableName = "items", indices = [Index(value = ["item_id"])])
data class CustomEntity(

    @PrimaryKey
    @ColumnInfo(name = "id") var id: Long? = null,
    @ColumnInfo(name = "item_id") var itemId: Long = 0,
    @ColumnInfo(name = "item_color") var color: Int? = null

) : BaseEntity()

它工作。

@Željko trogrliic的答案是正确的。但是我们必须像在抽象类中一样重复相同的字段。

同样，如果我们在抽象类中有抽象子类，那么在数据类中我们不能从这些抽象子类扩展字段。我们应该首先创建数据子类，然后定义字段。

abstract class AbstractClass {
    abstract val code: Int
    abstract val url: String?
    abstract val errors: Errors?

    abstract class Errors {
        abstract val messages: List<String>?
    }
}



data class History(
    val data: String?,

    override val code: Int,
    override val url: String?,
    // Do not extend from AbstractClass.Errors here, but Kotlin allows it.
    override val errors: Errors?
) : AbstractClass() {

    // Extend a data class here, then you can use it for 'errors' field.
    data class Errors(
        override val messages: List<String>?
    ) : AbstractClass.Errors()
}

虽然在层次结构中正确地实现equals()确实相当困难，但支持继承其他方法仍然很好，例如:toString()。

为了更具体一点，让我们假设我们有以下结构(显然，它不起作用，因为toString()不是继承的，但如果它不是很好吗?):

abstract class ResourceId(open val basePath: BasePath, open val id: Id) {

    // non of the subtypes inherit this... unfortunately...
    override fun toString(): String = "/${basePath.value}/${id.value}"
}

data class UserResourceId(override val id: UserId) : ResourceId(UserBasePath, id)

data class LocationResourceId(override val id: LocationId) : ResourceId(LocationBasePath, id)

Assuming our User and Location entities return their appropriate resource IDs (UserResourceId and LocationResourceId respectively), calling toString() on any ResourceId could result in quite a nice little representation that is generally valid for all subtypes: /users/4587, /locations/23, etc. Unfortunately, because non of the subtypes inherited to overridden toString() method from the abstract base ResourceId, calling toString() actually results in a less pretty representation: <UserResourceId(id=UserId(value=4587))>, <LocationResourceId(id=LocationId(value=23))>

还有其他方法可以对上述模型进行建模，但这些方法要么迫使我们使用非数据类(错过了数据类的许多好处)，要么我们最终在所有数据类中复制/重复toString()实现(没有继承)。

可以从非数据类继承数据类。不允许从另一个数据类继承数据类，因为在继承的情况下，无法使编译器生成的数据类方法一致且直观地工作。