是否有一种方法可以在JavaScript中返回两个数组之间的差异?
例如:
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
是否有一种方法可以在JavaScript中返回两个数组之间的差异?
例如:
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
当前回答
只是想…为了一个挑战;-)这个工作…(对于字符串,数字等的基本数组)没有嵌套数组
function diffArrays(arr1, arr2, returnUnion){
var ret = [];
var test = {};
var bigArray, smallArray, key;
if(arr1.length >= arr2.length){
bigArray = arr1;
smallArray = arr2;
} else {
bigArray = arr2;
smallArray = arr1;
}
for(var i=0;i<bigArray.length;i++){
key = bigArray[i];
test[key] = true;
}
if(!returnUnion){
//diffing
for(var i=0;i<smallArray.length;i++){
key = smallArray[i];
if(!test[key]){
test[key] = null;
}
}
} else {
//union
for(var i=0;i<smallArray.length;i++){
key = smallArray[i];
if(!test[key]){
test[key] = true;
}
}
}
for(var i in test){
ret.push(i);
}
return ret;
}
array1 = "test1", "test2","test3", "test4", "test7"
array2 = "test1", "test2","test3","test4", "test5", "test6"
diffArray = diffArrays(array1, array2);
//returns ["test5","test6","test7"]
diffArray = diffArrays(array1, array2, true);
//returns ["test1", "test2","test3","test4", "test5", "test6","test7"]
注意排序可能不会像上面提到的那样…但是如果需要的话,可以在数组上调用.sort()对其进行排序。
其他回答
ES2015的函数方法
计算两个数组之间的差值是Set操作之一。这个术语已经表明应该使用本机Set类型,以便提高查找速度。不管怎样,当你计算两个集合之间的差值时,有三种排列:
[+left difference] [-intersection] [-right difference]
[-left difference] [-intersection] [+right difference]
[+left difference] [-intersection] [+right difference]
下面是反映这些排列的功能性解决方案。
离开的区别:
// small, reusable auxiliary functions const apply = f => x => f(x); const flip = f => y => x => f(x) (y); const createSet = xs => new Set(xs); const filter = f => xs => xs.filter(apply(f)); // left difference const differencel = xs => ys => { const zs = createSet(ys); return filter(x => zs.has(x) ? false : true ) (xs); }; // mock data const xs = [1,2,2,3,4,5]; const ys = [0,1,2,3,3,3,6,7,8,9]; // run the computation console.log( differencel(xs) (ys) );
正确的区别:
差异是微不足道的。这与翻转的参数不同。为了方便,你可以写一个函数:const differencer = flip(difference)。这是所有!
对称的区别:
现在我们有了左边和右边,实现对称的差异也变得微不足道:
// small, reusable auxiliary functions const apply = f => x => f(x); const flip = f => y => x => f(x) (y); const concat = y => xs => xs.concat(y); const createSet = xs => new Set(xs); const filter = f => xs => xs.filter(apply(f)); // left difference const differencel = xs => ys => { const zs = createSet(ys); return filter(x => zs.has(x) ? false : true ) (xs); }; // symmetric difference const difference = ys => xs => concat(differencel(xs) (ys)) (flip(differencel) (xs) (ys)); // mock data const xs = [1,2,2,3,4,5]; const ys = [0,1,2,3,3,3,6,7,8,9]; // run the computation console.log( difference(xs) (ys) );
我想这个例子是一个很好的起点,可以让你了解函数式编程的含义:
使用可以以许多不同方式组合在一起的构建块进行编程。
function diffArray(newArr, oldArr) {
var newSet = new Set(newArr)
var diff = []
oldArr.forEach((a) => {
if(!newSet.delete(a))diff.push(a)
})
return diff.concat(Array.from(newSet))
}
另一种解决问题的方法
function diffArray(arr1, arr2) {
return arr1.concat(arr2).filter(function (val) {
if (!(arr1.includes(val) && arr2.includes(val)))
return val;
});
}
diffArray([1, 2, 3, 7], [3, 2, 1, 4, 5]); // return [7, 4, 5]
同样,你可以使用箭头函数语法:
const diffArray = (arr1, arr2) => arr1.concat(arr2)
.filter(val => !(arr1.includes(val) && arr2.includes(val)));
diffArray([1, 2, 3, 7], [3, 2, 1, 4, 5]); // return [7, 4, 5]
使用额外的内存来做到这一点。这样你可以用更少的时间复杂度来求解,O(n)而不是O(n *n)
function getDiff(arr1,arr2){
let k = {};
let diff = []
arr1.map(i=>{
if (!k.hasOwnProperty(i)) {
k[i] = 1
}
}
)
arr2.map(j=>{
if (!k.hasOwnProperty(j)) {
k[j] = 1;
} else {
k[j] = 2;
}
}
)
for (var i in k) {
if (k[i] === 1)
diff.push(+i)
}
return diff
}
getDiff([4, 3, 52, 3, 5, 67, 9, 3],[4, 5, 6, 75, 3, 334, 5, 5, 6])
数据:
var new_storage = JSON.parse('[{"id_order":"0003"},{"id_order":"0004"},{"id_order":"0006"}]');
var old_storage = JSON.parse('[{"id_order":"0001"},{"id_order":"0002"},{"id_order":"0003"},{"id_order":"0004"},{"id_order":"0005"}]');
使用过滤器:
var diff = new_storage
.filter(x => {if(!(old_storage.filter(y => y.id_order==x.id_order)).length){return x}})
.concat(old_storage
.filter(x => {if(!(new_storage.filter(y => y.id_order==x.id_order)).length){return x}})
)
console.log(JSON.stringify(diff))
两个数组的结果不同
[{"id_order":"0006"},{"id_order":"0001"},{"id_order":"0002"},{"id_order":"0005"}]