贡献一个jQuery解决方案，我目前正在使用:

if (!Array.prototype.diff) {
    Array.prototype.diff = function (a) {
        return $.grep(this, function (i) { return $.inArray(i, a) === -1; });
    }; 
}

纯JavaScript

对于“差异”有两种可能的解释。我让你选你想要的。假设你有:

var a1 = ['a', 'b'     ];
var a2 = [     'b', 'c'];

If you want to get ['a'], use this function: function difference(a1, a2) { var result = []; for (var i = 0; i < a1.length; i++) { if (a2.indexOf(a1[i]) === -1) { result.push(a1[i]); } } return result; } If you want to get ['a', 'c'] (all elements contained in either a1 or a2, but not both -- the so-called symmetric difference), use this function: function symmetricDifference(a1, a2) { var result = []; for (var i = 0; i < a1.length; i++) { if (a2.indexOf(a1[i]) === -1) { result.push(a1[i]); } } for (i = 0; i < a2.length; i++) { if (a1.indexOf(a2[i]) === -1) { result.push(a2[i]); } } return result; }

斜线/下划线

如果你正在使用lodash，你可以使用_。差异(a1, a2)(上述情况1)或_。Xor (a1, a2)(情形2)

如果你使用的是Underscore.js，你可以使用_。情况1的差分(a1, a2)函数。

ES6 Set，用于非常大的数组

上面的代码适用于所有浏览器。然而，对于超过10,000个项目的大型数组，它变得相当慢，因为它有O(n²)的复杂度。在许多现代浏览器中，我们可以利用ES6 Set对象来加快速度。Lodash在可用时自动使用Set。如果你不使用lodash，使用下面的实现，灵感来自Axel Rauschmayer的博客文章:

function difference(a1, a2) {
  var a2Set = new Set(a2);
  return a1.filter(function(x) { return !a2Set.has(x); });
}

function symmetricDifference(a1, a2) {
  return difference(a1, a2).concat(difference(a2, a1));
}

笔记

如果您关心-0、+0、NaN或稀疏数组，那么所有示例的行为都可能令人惊讶或不明显。(对于大多数用途来说，这并不重要。)

ES2015的函数方法

计算两个数组之间的差值是Set操作之一。这个术语已经表明应该使用本机Set类型，以便提高查找速度。不管怎样，当你计算两个集合之间的差值时，有三种排列:

[+left difference] [-intersection] [-right difference]
[-left difference] [-intersection] [+right difference]
[+left difference] [-intersection] [+right difference]

下面是反映这些排列的功能性解决方案。

离开的区别:

// small, reusable auxiliary functions const apply = f => x => f(x); const flip = f => y => x => f(x) (y); const createSet = xs => new Set(xs); const filter = f => xs => xs.filter(apply(f)); // left difference const differencel = xs => ys => { const zs = createSet(ys); return filter(x => zs.has(x) ? false : true ) (xs); }; // mock data const xs = [1,2,2,3,4,5]; const ys = [0,1,2,3,3,3,6,7,8,9]; // run the computation console.log( differencel(xs) (ys) );

正确的区别:

差异是微不足道的。这与翻转的参数不同。为了方便，你可以写一个函数:const differencer = flip(difference)。这是所有!

对称的区别:

现在我们有了左边和右边，实现对称的差异也变得微不足道:

// small, reusable auxiliary functions const apply = f => x => f(x); const flip = f => y => x => f(x) (y); const concat = y => xs => xs.concat(y); const createSet = xs => new Set(xs); const filter = f => xs => xs.filter(apply(f)); // left difference const differencel = xs => ys => { const zs = createSet(ys); return filter(x => zs.has(x) ? false : true ) (xs); }; // symmetric difference const difference = ys => xs => concat(differencel(xs) (ys)) (flip(differencel) (xs) (ys)); // mock data const xs = [1,2,2,3,4,5]; const ys = [0,1,2,3,3,3,6,7,8,9]; // run the computation console.log( difference(xs) (ys) );

我想这个例子是一个很好的起点，可以让你了解函数式编程的含义:

使用可以以许多不同方式组合在一起的构建块进行编程。

使用http://phrogz.net/JS/ArraySetMath.js你可以:

var array1 = ["test1", "test2","test3", "test4"];
var array2 = ["test1", "test2","test3","test4", "test5", "test6"];

var array3 = array2.subtract( array1 );
// ["test5", "test6"]

var array4 = array1.exclusion( array2 );
// ["test5", "test6"]

ES6中一个更简洁的方法是以下解决方案。

var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];

区别

a2.filter(d => !a1.includes(d)) // gives ["c", "d"]

十字路口

a2.filter(d => a1.includes(d)) // gives ["a", "b"]

析取联合(对称差分)

[ ...a2.filter(d => !a1.includes(d)),
  ...a1.filter(d => !a2.includes(d)) ]

一个衬垫

const unique = (a) => [...new Set(a)]; const uniqueBy = (x,f)=>Object.values(x.reduce((a,b)=>((a[f(b)]=b),a),{})); const intersection = (a, b) => a.filter((v) => b.includes(v)); const diff = (a, b) => a.filter((v) => !b.includes(v)); const symDiff = (a, b) => diff(a, b).concat(diff(b, a)); const union = (a, b) => diff(a, b).concat(b); const a = unique([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5]); console.log(a); const b = [4, 5, 6, 7, 8]; console.log(intersection(a, b), diff(a, b), symDiff(a, b), union(a, b)); console.log(uniqueBy( [ { id: 1, name: "abc" }, { id: 2, name: "xyz" }, { id: 1, name: "abc" }, ], (v) => v.id )); const intersectionBy = (a, b, f) => a.filter((v) => b.some((u) => f(v, u))); console.log(intersectionBy( [ { id: 1, name: "abc" }, { id: 2, name: "xyz" }, ], [ { id: 1, name: "abc" }, { id: 3, name: "pqr" }, ], (v, u) => v.id === u.id )); const diffBy = (a, b, f) => a.filter((v) => !b.some((u) => f(v, u))); console.log(diffBy( [ { id: 1, name: "abc" }, { id: 2, name: "xyz" }, ], [ { id: 1, name: "abc" }, { id: 3, name: "pqr" }, ], (v, u) => v.id === u.id ));

打印稿

操场上的链接

const unique = <T>(array: T[]) => [...new Set(array)];


const intersection = <T>(array1: T[], array2: T[]) =>
  array1.filter((v) => array2.includes(v));


const diff = <T>(array1: T[], array2: T[]) =>
  array1.filter((v) => !array2.includes(v));


const symDiff = <T>(array1: T[], array2: T[]) =>
  diff(array1, array2).concat(diff(array2, array1));


const union = <T>(array1: T[], array2: T[]) =>
  diff(array1, array2).concat(array2);


const intersectionBy = <T>(
  array1: T[],
  array2: T[],
  predicate: (array1Value: T, array2Value: T) => boolean
) => array1.filter((v) => array2.some((u) => predicate(v, u)));


const diffBy = <T>(
  array1: T[],
  array2: T[],
  predicate: (array1Value: T, array2Value: T) => boolean
) => array1.filter((v) => !array2.some((u) => predicate(v, u)));


const uniqueBy = <T>(
  array: T[],
  predicate: (v: T, i: number, a: T[]) => string
) =>
  Object.values(
    array.reduce((acc, value, index) => {
      acc[predicate(value, index, array)] = value;
      return acc;
    }, {} as { [key: string]: T })
  );