是否有一种方法可以在JavaScript中返回两个数组之间的差异?
例如:
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
是否有一种方法可以在JavaScript中返回两个数组之间的差异?
例如:
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
当前回答
类似于Ian Grainger的解决方案(但在打字稿中):
function findDiffs(arrayOne: string[], arrayTwo: string[]) {
let onlyInArrayOne = []
let onlyInArrayTwo = []
let share = []
let [arrayOneCopy, arrayTwoCopy] = [[...arrayOne], [...arrayTwo]]
arrayOneCopy.sort(); arrayTwoCopy.sort()
while (arrayOneCopy.length !== 0 && arrayTwoCopy.length !== 0) {
if (arrayOneCopy[0] == arrayTwoCopy[0]) {
share.push(arrayOneCopy[0])
arrayOneCopy.splice(0, 1)
arrayTwoCopy.splice(0, 1)
}
if (arrayOneCopy[0] < arrayTwoCopy[0]) {
onlyInArrayOne.push(arrayOneCopy[0])
arrayOneCopy.splice(0, 1)
}
if (arrayOneCopy[0] > arrayTwoCopy[0]) {
onlyInArrayTwo.push(arrayTwoCopy[0])
arrayTwoCopy.splice(0, 1)
}
}
onlyInArrayTwo = onlyInArrayTwo.concat(arrayTwoCopy)
onlyInArrayOne = onlyInArrayOne.concat(arrayOneCopy)
return {
onlyInArrayOne,
onlyInArrayTwo,
share,
diff: onlyInArrayOne.concat(onlyInArrayTwo)
}
}
// arrayOne: [ 'a', 'b', 'c', 'm', 'y' ]
// arrayTwo: [ 'c', 'b', 'f', 'h' ]
//
// Results:
// {
// onlyInArrayOne: [ 'a', 'm', 'y' ],
// onlyInArrayTwo: [ 'f', 'h' ],
// share: [ 'b', 'c' ],
// diff: [ 'a', 'm', 'y', 'f', 'h' ]
// }
其他回答
如果你不关心原始数组,编辑它们没有问题,那么这是一个更快的算法:
let iterator = arrayA.values()
let result = []
for (entryA of iterator) {
if (!arrayB.includes(entryA)) {
result.push(entryA)
} else {
arrayB.splice(arrayB.indexOf(entryA), 1)
}
}
result.push(...arrayB)
return result
使用indexOf()的解决方案对于小型数组是可以的,但是随着长度的增长,算法的性能将接近O(n^2)。这里有一个解决方案,将执行非常大的数组使用对象作为关联数组存储数组项作为键;它还自动消除重复项,但只适用于字符串值(或可以安全地存储为字符串的值):
function arrayDiff(a1, a2) {
var o1={}, o2={}, diff=[], i, len, k;
for (i=0, len=a1.length; i<len; i++) { o1[a1[i]] = true; }
for (i=0, len=a2.length; i<len; i++) { o2[a2[i]] = true; }
for (k in o1) { if (!(k in o2)) { diff.push(k); } }
for (k in o2) { if (!(k in o1)) { diff.push(k); } }
return diff;
}
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
arrayDiff(a1, a2); // => ['c', 'd']
arrayDiff(a2, a1); // => ['c', 'd']
我就遇到了这个问题,就是求两个简单数组的差值
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
我不明白为什么不使用基本的for循环:
for(var i=0; i < a1.length; i++) {
for(var j=0; j < a2.length; j++) {
if(a1[i] == a2[j]) {
a2.splice(j, 1);
}
}
}
这将返回所需的["c", "d"]
[编辑]提议正上方,看到晚了。
不管怎样,有什么好的理由来避免这个简单的解决方案吗?
简单地比较所有值,并返回数组与不重复的值。
var main = [9, '$', 'x', 'r', 3, 'A', '#', 0, 1];
var arr0 = ['Z', 9, 'e', '$', 'r'];
var arr1 = ['x', 'r', 3, 'A', '#'];
var arr2 = ['m', '#', 'a', 0, 'r'];
var arr3 = ['$', 1, 'n', '!', 'A'];
Array.prototype.diff = function(arrays) {
var items = [].concat.apply(this, arguments);
var diff = [].slice.call(items), i, l, x, pos;
// go through all items
for (x = 0, i = 0, l = items.length; i < l; x = 0, i++) {
// find all positions
while ((pos = diff.indexOf(items[i])) > -1) {
// remove item + increase found count
diff.splice(pos, 1) && x++;
}
// if item was found just once, put it back
if (x === 1) diff.push(items[i]);
}
// get all not duplicated items
return diff;
};
main.diff(arr0, arr1, arr2, arr3).join(''); // returns "Zeman!"
[].diff(main, arr0, arr1, arr2, arr3).join(''); // returns "Zeman!"
我想要一个类似的函数,它接受一个旧数组和一个新数组,并给我一个添加项的数组和一个删除项的数组,我希望它是有效的(所以没有.contains!)。
你可以在这里尝试我提出的解决方案:http://jsbin.com/osewu3/12。
有人能看出算法的问题或改进吗?谢谢!
代码清单:
function diff(o, n) {
// deal with empty lists
if (o == undefined) o = [];
if (n == undefined) n = [];
// sort both arrays (or this won't work)
o.sort(); n.sort();
// don't compare if either list is empty
if (o.length == 0 || n.length == 0) return {added: n, removed: o};
// declare temporary variables
var op = 0; var np = 0;
var a = []; var r = [];
// compare arrays and add to add or remove lists
while (op < o.length && np < n.length) {
if (o[op] < n[np]) {
// push to diff?
r.push(o[op]);
op++;
}
else if (o[op] > n[np]) {
// push to diff?
a.push(n[np]);
np++;
}
else {
op++;np++;
}
}
// add remaining items
if( np < n.length )
a = a.concat(n.slice(np, n.length));
if( op < o.length )
r = r.concat(o.slice(op, o.length));
return {added: a, removed: r};
}