在c# / VB.NET/。哪个循环运行得更快,for还是foreach?
自从很久以前我读到for循环比foreach循环工作得快,我就认为它适用于所有集合、泛型集合、所有数组等。
我搜索了谷歌,找到了几篇文章,但大多数都是不确定的(阅读文章评论),而且是开放式的。
理想的情况是列出每种情况以及最佳解决方案。
例如(这只是一个例子):
用于迭代1000+的数组
字符串- for比foreach好
对于迭代IList(非泛型)字符串- foreach更好
比
在网上找到了一些相同的参考资料:
由Emmanuel Schanzer撰写的原创文章
CodeProject FOREACH Vs. FOR
博客——去博客还是不去博客,这是个问题
ASP。NET论坛- NET 1.1 c# for vs foreach
(编辑)
除了可读性之外,我对事实和数据真的很感兴趣。在某些应用中,最后一英里的性能优化确实很重要。
我遇到了一个案子,foreach比For快得多
为什么foreach在读取richtextbox行时比for循环快
我有一个类似于那个问题中的OP的案例。
A textbox reading about 72K lines, and I was accessling the Lines property(which is actually a getter method). (And apparently often in winforms there are getter methods that aren't O(1). I suppose it's O(n), so the larger the textbox the longer it takes to get a value from that 'property'. And in the for loop I had as the OP there had for(int i=0;i<textBox1.lines.length;i++) str=textBox1.Lines[i] , and it was really quite slow as it was reading the entire textbox each time it read a line plus it was reading the entire textbox each time it checked the condition.
Jon Skeet演示了您可以只访问一次Lines属性(甚至不是每次迭代一次,只是一次)。而不是每次迭代两次(这是大量的次数)。Do string[] strarlines = textBox1.Lines;然后在星线间循环。
但是一个直观形式的for循环访问Lines属性是非常低效的
for (int i = 0; i < richTextBox.Lines.Length; i++)
{
s = richTextBox.Lines[i];
}
对于文本框,或者富文本框,它非常慢。
OP在一个富文本框上测试了这个循环,发现“有15000行。For循环花了8分钟才循环到15000行。而foreach只花了不到一秒钟的时间来列举它。”
那个链接的OP发现这个foreach比上面提到的他(同一个OP)的for循环要有效得多。就像我一样。
String s=String.Empty;
foreach(string str in txtText.Lines)
{
s=str;
}
internal static void Test()
{
int LOOP_LENGTH = 10000000;
Random random = new Random((int)DateTime.Now.ToFileTime());
{
Dictionary<int, int> dict = new Dictionary<int, int>();
long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
{
dict.Add(i, i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
{
for (int k = 0; k < dict.Count; k++)
{
if (dict[k] > 1000000) Console.WriteLine("Test");
}
}
stopWatch.Stop();
var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
Console.WriteLine($"Dictionary for T:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t M:{last_memory - first_memory}");
GC.Collect();
}
{
Dictionary<int, int> dict = new Dictionary<int, int>();
long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
{
dict.Add(i, i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
{
foreach (var item in dict)
{
if (item.Value > 1000000) Console.WriteLine("Test");
}
}
stopWatch.Stop();
var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
Console.WriteLine($"Dictionary foreach T:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t M:{last_memory - first_memory}");
GC.Collect();
}
{
Dictionary<int, int> dict = new Dictionary<int, int>();
long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
{
dict.Add(i, i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
{
foreach (var item in dict.Values)
{
if (item > 1000000) Console.WriteLine("Test");
}
}
stopWatch.Stop();
var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
Console.WriteLine($"Dictionary foreach values T:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t M:{last_memory - first_memory}");
GC.Collect();
}
{
List<int> dict = new List<int>();
long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
{
dict.Add(i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
{
for (int k = 0; k < dict.Count; k++)
{
if (dict[k] > 1000000) Console.WriteLine("Test");
}
}
stopWatch.Stop();
var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
Console.WriteLine($"list for T:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t M:{last_memory - first_memory}");
GC.Collect();
}
{
List<int> dict = new List<int>();
long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
{
dict.Add(i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
{
foreach (var item in dict)
{
if (item > 1000000) Console.WriteLine("Test");
}
}
stopWatch.Stop();
var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
Console.WriteLine($"list foreach T:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t M:{last_memory - first_memory}");
GC.Collect();
}
}
T:10.1957728s M:2080的字典
字典T:10.5900586 M:1952
字典foreach值T:3.8294776s M:2088
T:3.7981471s M:320
T:4.4861377s M:648