我也有同样的问题。显然，回滚函数似乎用与db文件相同但没有最近更改的日志覆盖了db文件。我已经在下面的代码中实现了这一点，从那时起它一直工作得很好，而之前我的代码会因为数据库保持锁定而陷入循环。

希望这能有所帮助

我的python代码

##############
#### Defs ####
##############
def conn_exec( connection , cursor , cmd_str ):
    done        = False
    try_count   = 0.0
    while not done:
        try:
            cursor.execute( cmd_str )
            done = True
        except sqlite.IntegrityError:
            # Ignore this error because it means the item already exists in the database
            done = True
        except Exception, error:
            if try_count%60.0 == 0.0:       # print error every minute
                print "\t" , "Error executing command" , cmd_str
                print "Message:" , error

            if try_count%120.0 == 0.0:      # if waited for 2 miutes, roll back
                print "Forcing Unlock"
                connection.rollback()

            time.sleep(0.05)    
            try_count += 0.05


def conn_comit( connection ):
    done        = False
    try_count   = 0.0
    while not done:
        try:
            connection.commit()
            done = True
        except sqlite.IntegrityError:
            # Ignore this error because it means the item already exists in the database
            done = True
        except Exception, error:
            if try_count%60.0 == 0.0:       # print error every minute
                print "\t" , "Error executing command" , cmd_str
                print "Message:" , error

            if try_count%120.0 == 0.0:      # if waited for 2 miutes, roll back
                print "Forcing Unlock"
                connection.rollback()

            time.sleep(0.05)    
            try_count += 0.05       




##################
#### Run Code ####
##################
connection = sqlite.connect( db_path )
cursor = connection.cursor()
# Create tables if database does not exist
conn_exec( connection , cursor , '''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS fix (path TEXT PRIMARY KEY);''')
conn_exec( connection , cursor , '''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tx (path TEXT PRIMARY KEY);''')
conn_exec( connection , cursor , '''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS completed (fix DATE, tx DATE);''')
conn_comit( connection )

删除-journal文件听起来是个糟糕的主意。它允许sqlite在崩溃后将数据库回滚到一致的状态。如果在数据库处于不一致状态时删除它，则会留下一个损坏的数据库。引用sqlite站点的一个页面:

If a crash or power loss does occur and a hot journal is left on the disk, it is essential that the original database file and the hot journal remain on disk with their original names until the database file is opened by another SQLite process and rolled back. [...] We suspect that a common failure mode for SQLite recovery happens like this: A power failure occurs. After power is restored, a well-meaning user or system administrator begins looking around on the disk for damage. They see their database file named "important.data". This file is perhaps familiar to them. But after the crash, there is also a hot journal named "important.data-journal". The user then deletes the hot journal, thinking that they are helping to cleanup the system. We know of no way to prevent this other than user education.

The rollback is supposed to happen automatically the next time the database is opened, but it will fail if the process can't lock the database. As others have said, one possible reason for this is that another process currently has it open. Another possibility is a stale NFS lock, if the database is on an NFS volume. In that case, a workaround is to replace the database file with a fresh copy that isn't locked on the NFS server (mv database.db original.db; cp original.db database.db). Note that the sqlite FAQ recommends caution regarding concurrent access to databases on NFS volumes, because of buggy implementations of NFS file locking.

我无法解释为什么删除一个-journal文件会让你锁定一个数据库，而你以前不能。这是可复制的吗?

顺便说一下，-journal文件的存在并不一定意味着发生了崩溃或有要回滚的更改。Sqlite有几种不同的日志模式，在PERSIST或TRUNCATE模式下，它始终保留-journal文件，并更改内容以指示是否有要回滚的部分事务。

我在一个场景中得到了这个错误，与这里描述的略有不同。

SQLite数据库位于由3个服务器共享的NFS文件系统上。在其中2个服务器上，我能够成功地对数据库运行查询，在第三个服务器上，我认为我得到了“数据库已锁定”消息。

第三台机器的问题是，在/var上没有剩余空间了。每次我试图在位于这个文件系统的任何SQLite数据库中运行查询时，我都得到了“数据库被锁定”的消息，并且在日志上出现了这个错误:

Aug 8 10:33:38 server01 kernel: lockd: cannot monitor 172.22.84.87

还有这个:

Aug 8 10:33:38 server01 rpc。statd[7430]: Failed to insert: writing /var/lib/nfs/statd/sm/other.server.name.com: No space left on device .日志含义 Aug 8 10:33:38 server01 rpc。statd[7430]: STAT_FAIL to server01 for SM_MON of 172.22.84.87

太空的情况处理好之后，一切都恢复正常了。

从您之前的评论中，您说存在一个-journal文件。

这可能意味着您已经打开和(EXCLUSIVE?)事务，还没有提交数据。是你的程序或者其他进程留下了-journal吗?

重新启动sqlite进程将查看日志文件，清除任何未提交的操作并删除-journal文件。

我添加了“池=true”连接字符串，它工作。

SQLite wiki DatabaseIsLocked页面提供了此错误消息的解释。在某种程度上，它指出争用的来源是内部的(对发出错误的进程而言)。本页没有解释的是SQLite如何决定进程中的某些东西持有锁，以及哪些条件会导致误报。

当您试图从同一个数据库连接同时对数据库执行两项不兼容的操作时，就会出现此错误代码。

在v3中引入的有关文件锁定的变化可能对未来的读者有用，可以在这里找到:SQLite版本3中的文件锁定和并发性