将清单大致等份的最佳方法是什么?例如,如果列表有7个元素,并将其分为2部分,我们希望其中一部分有3个元素,而另一部分应该有4个元素。

我正在寻找类似even_split(L, n)的东西,它将L分解为n部分。

def chunks(L, n):
    """ Yield successive n-sized chunks from L.
    """
    for i in range(0, len(L), n):
        yield L[i:i+n]

上面的代码给出了3个块,而不是3个块。我可以简单地转置(遍历这个,取每列的第一个元素,称之为第一部分,然后取第二个元素,把它放在第二部分,等等),但这破坏了项目的顺序。


当前回答

与job的答案相同,但考虑了大小小于块数量的列表。

def chunkify(lst,n):
    [ lst[i::n] for i in xrange(n if n < len(lst) else len(lst)) ]

如果n (chunk的数量)是7,LST(要分割的列表)是[1,2,3],则chunk为[[0],[1],[2]],而不是[[0],[1],[2],[],[],[],[],[]]

其他回答

这是另一种变体,它将“剩余”元素均匀地分布在所有块中,一次一个,直到一个都不剩。在这个实现中,较大的块出现在流程的开头。

def chunks(l, k):
  """ Yield k successive chunks from l."""
  if k < 1:
    yield []
    raise StopIteration
  n = len(l)
  avg = n/k
  remainders = n % k
  start, end = 0, avg
  while start < n:
    if remainders > 0:
      end = end + 1
      remainders = remainders - 1
    yield l[start:end]
    start, end = end, end+avg

例如,从14个元素的列表中生成4个块:

>>> list(chunks(range(14), 4))
[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7], [8, 9, 10], [11, 12, 13]]
>>> map(len, list(chunks(range(14), 4)))
[4, 4, 3, 3]

你还可以用:

split=lambda x,n: x if not x else [x[:n]]+[split([] if not -(len(x)-n) else x[-(len(x)-n):],n)][0]

split([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9],2)

[[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6], [7, 8], [9]]
n = len(lst)
# p is the number of parts to be divided
x = int(n/p)

i = 0
j = x
lstt = []
while (i< len(lst) or j <len(lst)):
    lstt.append(lst[i:j])
    i+=x
    j+=x
print(lstt)

这是最简单的答案,如果已知列表分成相等的部分。

另一个简单可读的chunker的尝试。

def chunk(iterable, count): # returns a *generator* that divides `iterable` into `count` of contiguous chunks of similar size
    assert count >= 1
    return (iterable[int(_*len(iterable)/count+0.5):int((_+1)*len(iterable)/count+0.5)] for _ in range(count))

print("Chunk count:  ", len(list(         chunk(range(105),10))))
print("Chunks:       ",     list(         chunk(range(105),10)))
print("Chunks:       ",     list(map(list,chunk(range(105),10))))
print("Chunk lengths:",     list(map(len, chunk(range(105),10))))

print("Testing...")
for iterable_length in range(100):
    for chunk_count in range(1,100):
        chunks = list(chunk(range(iterable_length),chunk_count))
        assert chunk_count == len(chunks)
        assert iterable_length == sum(map(len,chunks))
        assert all(map(lambda _:abs(len(_)-iterable_length/chunk_count)<=1,chunks))
print("Okay")

输出:

Chunk count:   10
Chunks:        [range(0, 11), range(11, 21), range(21, 32), range(32, 42), range(42, 53), range(53, 63), range(63, 74), range(74, 84), range(84, 95), range(95, 105)]
Chunks:        [[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], [11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20], [21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31], [32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41], [42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52], [53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62], [63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73], [74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83], [84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94], [95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104]]
Chunk lengths: [11, 10, 11, 10, 11, 10, 11, 10, 11, 10]
Testing...
Okay
def chunk_array(array : List, n: int) -> List[List]:
    chunk_size = len(array) // n 
    chunks = []
    i = 0
    while i < len(array):
        # if less than chunk_size left add the remainder to last element
        if len(array) - (i + chunk_size + 1) < 0:
            chunks[-1].append(*array[i:i + chunk_size])
            break
        else:
            chunks.append(array[i:i + chunk_size])
            i += chunk_size
    return chunks

这是我的版本(灵感来自Max)