将清单大致等份的最佳方法是什么?例如，如果列表有7个元素，并将其分为2部分，我们希望其中一部分有3个元素，而另一部分应该有4个元素。
我正在寻找类似even_split(L, n)的东西，它将L分解为n部分。
def chunks(L, n):
""" Yield successive n-sized chunks from L.
"""
for i in range(0, len(L), n):
yield L[i:i+n]
上面的代码给出了3个块，而不是3个块。我可以简单地转置(遍历这个，取每列的第一个元素，称之为第一部分，然后取第二个元素，把它放在第二部分，等等)，但这破坏了项目的顺序。
当前回答
另一个简单可读的chunker的尝试。
def chunk(iterable, count): # returns a *generator* that divides `iterable` into `count` of contiguous chunks of similar size
assert count >= 1
return (iterable[int(_*len(iterable)/count+0.5):int((_+1)*len(iterable)/count+0.5)] for _ in range(count))
print("Chunk count: ", len(list( chunk(range(105),10))))
print("Chunks: ", list( chunk(range(105),10)))
print("Chunks: ", list(map(list,chunk(range(105),10))))
print("Chunk lengths:", list(map(len, chunk(range(105),10))))
print("Testing...")
for iterable_length in range(100):
for chunk_count in range(1,100):
chunks = list(chunk(range(iterable_length),chunk_count))
assert chunk_count == len(chunks)
assert iterable_length == sum(map(len,chunks))
assert all(map(lambda _:abs(len(_)-iterable_length/chunk_count)<=1,chunks))
print("Okay")
输出:
Chunk count: 10
Chunks: [range(0, 11), range(11, 21), range(21, 32), range(32, 42), range(42, 53), range(53, 63), range(63, 74), range(74, 84), range(84, 95), range(95, 105)]
Chunks: [[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], [11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20], [21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31], [32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41], [42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52], [53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62], [63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73], [74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83], [84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94], [95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104]]
Chunk lengths: [11, 10, 11, 10, 11, 10, 11, 10, 11, 10]
Testing...
Okay
其他回答
看到more_itertools.divide:
n = 2
[list(x) for x in mit.divide(n, range(5, 11))]
# [[5, 6, 7], [8, 9, 10]]
[list(x) for x in mit.divide(n, range(5, 12))]
# [[5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11]]
通过> pip Install more_itertools安装。
将代码更改为产生n个块，而不是n个块:
def chunks(l, n):
""" Yield n successive chunks from l.
"""
newn = int(len(l) / n)
for i in xrange(0, n-1):
yield l[i*newn:i*newn+newn]
yield l[n*newn-newn:]
l = range(56)
three_chunks = chunks (l, 3)
print three_chunks.next()
print three_chunks.next()
print three_chunks.next()
这使:
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17]
[18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35]
[36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55]
这将把额外的元素分配给最后一组，这并不完美，但在你的“大致N相等部分”的规范范围内:-)我的意思是，56个元素作为(19,19,18)会更好，而这给出(18,18,20)。
你可以用下面的代码得到更均衡的输出:
#!/usr/bin/python
def chunks(l, n):
""" Yield n successive chunks from l.
"""
newn = int(1.0 * len(l) / n + 0.5)
for i in xrange(0, n-1):
yield l[i*newn:i*newn+newn]
yield l[n*newn-newn:]
l = range(56)
three_chunks = chunks (l, 3)
print three_chunks.next()
print three_chunks.next()
print three_chunks.next()
输出:
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
[19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37]
[38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55]
这段代码为我工作(python3兼容):
def chunkify(tab, num):
return [tab[i*num: i*num+num] for i in range(len(tab)//num+(1 if len(tab)%num else 0))]
示例(适用于bytearray类型，但也适用于列表):
b = bytearray(b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08')
>>> chunkify(b,3)
[bytearray(b'\x01\x02\x03'), bytearray(b'\x04\x05\x06'), bytearray(b'\x07\x08')]
>>> chunkify(b,4)
[bytearray(b'\x01\x02\x03\x04'), bytearray(b'\x05\x06\x07\x08')]
这是另一种变体，它将“剩余”元素均匀地分布在所有块中，一次一个，直到一个都不剩。在这个实现中，较大的块出现在流程的开头。
def chunks(l, k):
""" Yield k successive chunks from l."""
if k < 1:
yield []
raise StopIteration
n = len(l)
avg = n/k
remainders = n % k
start, end = 0, avg
while start < n:
if remainders > 0:
end = end + 1
remainders = remainders - 1
yield l[start:end]
start, end = end, end+avg
例如，从14个元素的列表中生成4个块:
>>> list(chunks(range(14), 4))
[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7], [8, 9, 10], [11, 12, 13]]
>>> map(len, list(chunks(range(14), 4)))
[4, 4, 3, 3]
我的解决方案，很容易理解
def split_list(lst, n):
splitted = []
for i in reversed(range(1, n + 1)):
split_point = len(lst)//i
splitted.append(lst[:split_point])
lst = lst[split_point:]
return splitted
这页上最短的一句话(我的女朋友写的)
def split(l, n):
return [l[int(i*len(l)/n):int((i+1)*len(l)/n-1)] for i in range(n)]
